Julius Hurwitz

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Julius Hurwitz (born July 14, 1857 in Hildesheim , † June 15, 1919 in Lucerne ) was a German mathematician .

Life

Julius Hurwitz came from a Jewish family in Hildesheim. His father, Salomon Hurwitz (1813–1885), was not a very successful manufacturer. His mother, Elise Wertheimer (1822–1862), daughter of the banker Moses Heinemann Wertheimer in Hanover , died when Julius was 5 years old, his brothers Adolf 3 and Max 13 years old. In Hildesheim, Hurwitz visited what was then the real class branch of the Andreanum . There his mathematical talent as well as that of his brother Adolf Hurwitz was recognized and promoted by their teacher Hermann Caesar Hannibal Schubert . Schubert recommended that his father let both sons study mathematics. However, since only one son's studies could be financially supported by a friend of Salomon Hurwitz, Adolf was chosen after a questioning of the teacher Schubert. Julius had to learn the same trade as his older brother Max. He completed an apprenticeship in Nordhausen and became a bank employee, including in Hamburg . He and his brother Max took over the banking business of their late uncle Adolf Wertheimer in Hanover. Since Julius also wanted to study mathematics, he received his school leaving certificate on September 9, 1890, after attending the secondary school in Quakenbrück . He studied mathematics under the supervision of his younger brother Adolf at the Albertus University in Königsberg . There he edited a large number of lecture notes not only from his brother, but also from Viktor Eberhard (1861–1927) and David Hilbert , among others . In 1892 he followed his brother Adolf to Zurich, where he had received a call from the ETH Zurich . He was admitted to the third annual mathematics course at the Eidgenössisches Polytechnikum Zürich without an examination, and in 1893 he received his leaving certificate in Zürich, where it was not possible to obtain a doctorate until 1911. In 1894 he continued his studies in Halle , in 1895 he received his doctorate magna cum laude at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg with the dissertation: About a special type of continued fraction - development of complex quantities. He then became a lecturer in Basel , member of the Natural Research Society in Basel and completed his habilitation in 1896 at the University of Basel with the public habilitation lecture on 'The Infinite in Mathematics'. In 1905 he withdrew from Basel and lived in the city of Lucerne until 1916, then in Freiburg im Breisgau . He died in 1919 while staying in Lucerne.

Fonts

  • Hurwitz, Julius: About the reduction of the binary quadratic forms with complex Coëfficiënten and variables, 1902 Acta Mathematica
  • Hurwitz, Julius: About a special kind of continued fraction development of complex quantities, 1895
  • About minimal areas, lecture by unknown. Lecture postscript, prepared by Julius Hurwitz

literature

  • David E. Rowe : Felix Klein, Adolf Hurwitz and the "Jewish Question" in German Academia. In: The Mathematical Intelligencer. Vol. 29, No. 2, 2007
  • Steuding, Jörg; Oswald, Nicola: “Complex Continued Fractions - Early Work of the Brothers Adolf and Julius Hurwitz.” 2014, Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 68: 499-528
  • Hurwitz, Adolf; Hurwitz, Julius: Letters of Julius Hurwitz to David Hilbert, correspondence from Adolf Hurwitz, Cod Ms Hilbert 160, Göttingen State and University Library
  • Stein, A .: The extraction of the units in certain relatively square number fields by the J. Hurwitz chain fraction method. 1927, J. Reine Angew. Math., 156: 69-92.
  • Wangerin, A .: Report by Julius Hurwitz, 1895, Halle University Archives, Rep. 21 No. 162
  • Nicola MR Oswald: The unknown Hurwitz , Mathematical Intelligencer, Volume 39, Issue 1, 2017, pp. 44-49

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Hurwitz, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH July 14, 1857
PLACE OF BIRTH Hildesheim
DATE OF DEATH June 15, 1919
Place of death Lucerne