Yuri Janovsky

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Janowskyj in Kiev in the 1920s
Jurij Janowskyj 1946
His grave in the Baikowe Cemetery in Kiev

Jurij Iwanowytsch Janowskyj ( Ukrainian Юрій Іванович Яновський , Russian Юрий Иванович Яновский Yuri Ivanovich Janowski ; born August 1 . Jul / 14. August  1902 greg. In Netschajiwka , Kherson Gubernia , Russian Empire ; † 25. February 1954 in Kiev , Ukrainian SSR ) was a Ukrainian - Soviet writer , poet , playwright and screenwriter .

Life

Jurij Janowskyj was born in the hamlet of Majerowe ( Маєрове ), today's Netschajiwka in the Ukrainian Oblast Kirowohrad as the son of a wealthy farming family. He obtained secondary education in the secondary school in Jelisavetgrad , then served as a soldier in the First World War , from which he returned to Jelisavetgrad in 1918. There he worked in various jobs between 1919 and 1921, before settling in Kiev in 1922 and enrolling at the Electrical Engineering Faculty of the Kiev Polytechnic Institute . On May 1, 1922, his first poem "The Sea" ( Море ) appeared in the newspaper Proletarska prawda ( Пролетарська правда ) in Russian under the pseudonym Heorhij Nej ( Георгій Ней ) and "Glocke" in Ukrainian under his own name.

In 1924 he was a freelance correspondent for the Bolshevik newspaper , in which he also published his first piece of prose, the short story "And then the Germans fled" ( А потім німці тікали ). In 1925 his collection Mammoth Tusks was published , which contains stories about certain events of the Russian Civil War , and in 1927 his book Blood of the Earth was published .

From 1925 to 1926 Janowskyj worked as an art editor in the film studios in Odessa , where he wrote several scripts such as those for the films Hamburg and Fata Morgan .

In 1927 he moved to Kharkov and worked there as an editor of the All-Ukrainian Photo Cinema Society ( Всеукраїнське фото кіноуправління "ВУФКУ" ). Here he also met his wife, the Ukrainian theater actress Tamara Shevchenko-Janowska ( Тамара Юріївна Жевченко-Яновська , 1908-1958) know. From 1939 on he lived in Kiev. During the Second World War he was editor of the magazine Ukrainian Literature and military correspondent for the First Ukrainian Front of the Red Army . After the war he was a correspondent at the main war criminals trial in Nuremberg in 1945 .

His most important work of the post-war period was the novel “Lebendiges Wasser” ( Жива вода ) published in 1947 , in which he described the idea of ​​immortality for a nation revived after a military catastrophe. However, after the novel was sharply criticized for its nationalism and its petty-bourgeois and narrow-minded views, he was forced to make almost 200 corrections according to the principles of socialist realism . The novel was published in the now very weaker version under the name "Peace" ( Мир ) posthumously in 1956. On February 16, 1954, the premiere of his play Daughter of the Public Prosecutor took place. Part of a later poem from the forties and fifties did not appear until 1958/59 in the five-volume collection of his works. His best works have been translated into numerous languages ​​and published in Bulgaria, the GDR, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Italy and France.

Janowskyj died at the age of 51 in Kiev and was buried there in the Baikowe cemetery .

Honors

Web links

Commons : Jurij Janowskyj  - collection of images

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Article on Jurij Janowskyj on ukrlit.net ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  2. ↑ Biography of Yuri Janovsky in the Library of Ukrainian Literature ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  3. ^ A b Tabular curriculum vitae of Jurij Janowskyj in Ukrainian literature - electronic library ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  4. ↑ Entry on Tamara Schewtschenko-Janowska ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on ukrainians-world.org ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ukrainians-world.org.ua
  5. ↑ a b Entry on Jurij Janowskyj in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  6. ↑ biography Yuri Janowskyj on 1576.ua ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  7. ^ Entry on Jurij Janowskyj in the Kiev Encyclopedia ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  8. ^ Biography Jurij Janowskyj on Ukrainian Literature - Electronic Library ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  9. ↑ KurzbiografieJurij Janowskyj on dovidka.biz.ua ; accessed on April 4, 2018 (Ukrainian)
personal data
SURNAME Janowskyj, Jurij
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Janowskyj, Jurij Ivanovytsch (full name); Яновський, Юрій Іванович (Ukrainian); Яновский, Юрий Иванович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian-Soviet writer, poet, playwright and screenwriter
DATE OF BIRTH August 14, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Nechayivka , Kherson Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH February 25, 1954
Place of death Kiev , Ukrainian SSR