Köprülü Mehmed Pascha
Köprülü Mehmed Pascha (* around 1580 in Roshnik , Albania , to Prokosch in Köprü, today Vezirköprü / Anatolia ; † October 31, 1661 in Edirne ) was Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1656 until his death .
Life
Mehmed, son of the Albanian family Qyprili (Turkish: Köprülü), was first cook in the seraglio , became head stable master, Beylerbey von Kjustendil in Bulgaria and Tripoli in Lebanon, deputy governor in Damascus , governor in Konya , 1650 vizier , then again Beylerbey of Tripoli. On September 15, 1656 (according to the Islamic calendar the 26th Zilka'de 1072) he was appointed Grand Vizier by Sultan Mehmed IV and given additional powers. This ended a phase of instability in the Ottoman Empire, in which there had been thirteen grand viziers from 1648 to 1656 and an ongoing power struggle between the Sultan's court and the military had developed.
When he was appointed well in the seventies, Grand Vizier Mehmet Köprülü Pascha was very successful. Domestically, he cracked down on it, and 36,000 people are said to have died violently on his orders. In terms of foreign policy, he won a victory against the Republic of Venice in the Battle of the Dardanelles in 1657 . In the years 1658-1660 he fought successfully against a disloyal vassal , the Prince of Transylvania , George II. Rákóczi and had him deposed several times. Mehmed Pasha also put down internal Ottoman rebellions . The most important of these is the suppression of the revolt of Abaza Hasan , governor of Aleppo , in 1659.
Köprülü Mehmed Pasha began in 1656, some important reforms in motion: he fought the dominance of the Janissaries and the harem, who had always get more political participation rights ( Weiberherrschaft , Turkish kadınlar saltanatı ), he fought corruption, austerity measures initiated and made sure that the troops received regular pay. However, his consolidations were not deep enough and too dependent on his personality to fundamentally improve the political and social state structures.
When Mehmed died in Edirne on October 31, 1661 and his son Köprülü Fâzıl Ahmed succeeded him as Grand Vizier, the Ottoman Empire had regained some of its former power and influence.
literature
- Erich Prokosch (translator): War and victory in Hungary. The Hungarian campaigns of the Grand Vizier Köprülüzâde Fâzil Ahmed Pascha in 1663 and 1664, based on the “gems of history” of his keeper Hasan Ağa. In the series Richard Franz Kreutel (Ed.): Ottoman historians. Volume 8, Verlag Styria, Graz / Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-222-10470-0 .
- Filiz Eşli: The Cretan War and Köprülü Mehmet Pasha's rise to power. In: Dejanirah Couto, Feza Günergun , Maria Pia Pedani (eds.): Seapower, technology and trade. Studies in Turkish maritime history. Denizler Kitabevi, Istanbul 2014, ISBN 978-9944-264-51-8 , pp. 58-65.
Web links
- Illustration by Mathias van Somer from 1665: Mehmet Bassa, Turcarum Tyranni Archistrategus ( digitized )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Erich Prokosch (translator): War and victory in Hungary. The Hungarian campaigns of the Grand Vizier Köprülüzâde Fâzıl Ahmed Pascha in 1663 and 1664, based on the “gems of history” of his keeper Hasan Ağa. in the series Richard Franz Kreutel (editor): Ottoman historians. Volume 8, Verlag Styria, Graz / Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-222-10470-0 , p. 266.
- ↑ Mehmed Süreyya : Sicill-i Osmânî yâhûd, Tezkire-i Meşahir-i 'Osmânije. Volume IV, Istanbul 1895, p. 173.
- ↑ Ismail Hamid Danişmend: Izahlı Osmanlı Tarihi Kronolojisi. Volume V, Istanbul 1971-1973, pp. 42ff.
- ↑ İslâm Ansiklopedisi . Volume VI, Istanbul 1950, pp. 892-897.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Boynuyaralı Mehmed Pasha |
Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire September 15, 1656–31. October 1661 |
Köprülü Fâzıl Ahmed Pasha |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Köprülü, Mehmed Pascha |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1580 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Roshnik |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 31, 1661 |
| Place of death | Edirne |