Kaiserstuhl War
The Kaiserstuhl War (also called Üsenberg War ) was a war between 1320 and 1322 over the bailiwick of the village of Bickensohl between the lords of Üsenberg and the lords of Falkenstein .
history
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In the 14th century, the Üsenbergers owned the bailiwick of Bickensohl, which was in Basel possession. However, Bickensohl was pledged to the von Falkenstein family. These sat down against attacks in their jurisdiction by the üsenbergischen Vogt in Achkarren to defend, which led to a feud with the Üsenbergern Burkhard III. and Gebhard led and thus to the Kaiserstühler War from 1320 to 1322. The Üsenbergers did not accept the decision of an arbitration court called on by both parties and continued the feud. The Falkensteiners were supported by the Lords of Endingen.
The Koler from Endingen
The noblemen of Endingen were actually a family of Usenberg servants, which is why their support for the opponents made the Usenbergers particularly angry. The Koler were a sideline of the Lords of Endingen. These exercised the mayor's office in Endingen . The Koler built the Koliburg and had their seat there. Johann Koler von Endingen was married to Katharina von Kürneck, the daughter of a citizen of Freiburg.
Destruction of the Koliburg
In autumn 1321 the Üsenbergers and the citizens of Endingen, allied with them, stormed the Koliburg and destroyed it. Probably on this occasion three brothers of the Koler von Endingen, Thomas, Johann and Walter were killed. In the literature, this act is also referred to as insidious, without specifying any further circumstances.
Freiburg becomes a war party
The death of the three von Endingen brothers prompted the city of Freiburg and Count Konrad II of Freiburg to join the war against the Üsenbergers. The clashes led to severe devastation in the communities of the Kaiserstuhl , caused by attacks, robbery and arson. The damage to agriculture was so great that the following year, the crop failures meant that food was scarce and prices rose.
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The arbitration
After the city of Freiburg and the Counts of Freiburg supported their opponents, the Üsenbergers got into a difficult position and asked Duke Leopold of Austria and Prince-Bishop Johann of Strasbourg in April 1322 for mediation.
The arbitrator's verdict, in which the bailiff Otto V. von Ochsenstein and Rudolf III. von Nidau were involved, took place on June 19, 1322 and provided that the Üsenbergers should provide an eternal mass and an eternal light for each of the three slain Koler von Endingen in a Breisgau church . The measurement pledge for Thomas von Endingen was donated to the Freiburg Minster , where the "Endinger Chörlein" has existed since then, the stained glass window of which shows the Apostles Thomas and Matthias as well as the coat of arms of Thomas von Endingen on the left and the coat of arms of another Herr von Endingen on the right.
In addition, the surviving Lords of Endingen, the widow of Johann von Endingen, Count Konrad II of Freiburg and the city of Freiburg had to pay substantial damages. Gebhart von Üsenberg was exiled to England for a month.
The Üsenbergers never really recovered from these losses and the lost Kaiserstuhl war heralded their downfall.
literature
- Oskar Sator: History of the village of Bickensohl in the Kaiserstuhl based on documentary material , 1907.
- Heinrich Schreiber (Ed.): Document book of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau , Volume I, Section II, pp. 239–248 ( digitized version of the Freiburg University Library ).
- Heinrich Schreiber: History of the city and university of Freiburg im Breisgau . Published by Franz Xaver Wangler, Freiburg im Breisgau 1857, II. Theil, pp. 114–118 ( digitized version of the Freiburg University Library ).
- Joseph Bader : History of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau . Volume 1, 1882, pp. 197-201 ( digitized version from Heidelberg University Library ).
- Julius Kindler von Knobloch : Upper Baden gender book . Heidelberg 1898, Volume 1, p. 299 ff. ( Digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library - entry from Endingen , with family tree).
- Julius Kindler von Knobloch: Upper Baden gender book . Heidelberg 1905, Volume 2, p. 351 ( digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library - entry Koler ).
- Karl Kurrus: The castle on Koliberg and the fief of St. Margarethen. Old relationships between Waldkirch and Endingen. In: Heinrich Lehmann, Willi Thoma (Hrsg.): Research and preservation. The Elztäler Heimatmuseum in Waldkirch , 1983, ISBN 3-87885-090-5 , pp. 159–171.
- Fritz Geiges : The medieval window decorations of the Freiburg Minster: its history, the causes of its decay and the measures to restore it; at the same time a contribution to the history of the building itself . Section The window in the so-called Endingen Chörlein . Volume 1. Freiburg i. Br. 1931, pp. 95-104 ( digitized version from Heidelberg University Library ).
- Bernhard Oeschger (Ed.): Endingen am Kaiserstuhl. The history of the city . Self-published by the city of Endingen, 1988.
Web links
- Excerpt from the Thennenbacher Urkundenbuch at endinger-geschichte.de
- Entry on Koliburg in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Bickensohl - old community ~ part of town at leo-bw.de
- Kaiserstuhl War at alemannische-seiten.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ see Bickensohl - Altgemeinde ~ sub-town at leo-bw.de
- ^ A b Heinrich Maurer : The Stift-Andlauischen Fronhöfe in Breisgau. In: Grossherzogliches General-Landesarchiv zu Karlsruhe (Ed.): Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine , Volume 34, Braunsche Hofbuchhandlung, Karlsruhe 1882, p. 143 f. ( Digitized in the Internet Archive ).
- ↑ Stefan Schmidt: Thennenbacher Urkundenbuch . Self-published, Wyhl am Kaiserstuhl 2009, p. 61 and p. 132 ( digitized from Cistopedia ; PDF: 2.1 MB).
- ↑ a b Karl Kurrus: The Endinger Chörlein in Freiburg Cathedral . In: Badische Heimat 48, 1968, pp. 427–432 ( digitized version ; PDF ( memento of July 21, 2018 in the Internet Archive )).
- ↑ sometimes referred to as Thomann
- ↑ Johanniterbruder in Schlettstadt
- ↑ see violin