Potassium hydrogen carbonate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Potassium hydrogen carbonate
other names	Potassium bicarbonate E  501 POTASSIUM BICARBONATE ( INCI )
Molecular formula	KHCO 3
Brief description	odorless and colorless crystalline powder
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 298-14-6 EC number 206-059-0 ECHA InfoCard 100.005.509 PubChem 516893 ChemSpider 55053 DrugBank DB11098 Wikidata Q410529
Drug information
ATC code	A12 BA04
properties
Molar mass	100.12 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	2.17 g cm −3
Melting point	Decomposes at approx. 200 ° C
solubility	Easily soluble in water: 333 g l −1 (at 20 ° C)
safety instructions
Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed GHS labeling of hazardous substances no GHS pictograms H and P phrases H: no H-phrases P: no P-phrases
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−963.2 kJ / mol
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Potassium hydrogen carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid . It decomposes very quickly from a temperature of approx. 50 ° C, splitting off water and carbon dioxide . This creates potassium carbonate . From a physiological point of view, it is considered harmless; it is also contained in foods as a food additive E501.

use

Potassium hydrogen carbonate is used as a release agent and acid regulator in food. It is also used as an artificial raising agent in baking powder . When baking, it drives the cake dough by breaking it down into potassium carbonate through heat according to the following equation by splitting off water and carbon dioxide .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ KHCO_{3}\longrightarrow K_{2}CO_{3}+H_{2}O+CO_{2}\uparrow } }$

Potassium hydrogen carbonate is used as a plant protection agent ( fungicide ) in conventional and organic plant cultivation .

Manufacturing

Potassium hydrogen carbonate is formed when carbon dioxide is introduced into a solution of potassium carbonate in water :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {K_{2}CO_{3}+CO_{2}+H_{2}O\longrightarrow 2\ KHCO_{3}} }$

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Entry on E 501: Potassium carbonate in the European database on food additives, accessed on July 1, 2020.
2. ↑ Entry on POTASSIUM BICARBONATE in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on July 1, 2020.
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Entry on potassium hydrogen carbonate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 19, 2019 (JavaScript required)
4. ↑ Hans-Dieter Jakubke, Ruth Karcher (Ed.): Lexicon of Chemistry , Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg, 2001.
5. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-19.
6. ↑ Armicarb