Potassium malate
| Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Structural formula without stereochemistry | |||||||||||||||||||
| General | |||||||||||||||||||
| Surname | Potassium malate | ||||||||||||||||||
| other names |
E 351 |
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| Molecular formula | C 4 H 4 K 2 O 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
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| properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molar mass | 210.27 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||||||||
Potassium malate , more precisely dipotassium malate , is the double potassium salt of malic acid . The salts of malic acid, the malates, are involved in the citric acid cycle and are part of all living aerobic cells .
Potassium malate is synthesized from malic acid or fumaric acid or obtained by biotechnological means as a metabolic product of bacteria and fungi .
properties
Stereochemistry
Like the corresponding malic acid, potassium malate has a stereocenter and is optically active . The two enantiomers of potassium malate, L- and D -potassium malate, have the same physical properties, but differ in the direction of the rotation value α. The racemic mixture , DL -potassium malate, differs in some physical properties - such as the melting point - but clearly from those of the pure enantiomers.
use
It is generally approved in the EU as a food additive with the number E 351 without maximum quantity restriction ( quantum satis ) for all foods. The joint FAO / WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) examined malic acid and, based on its adequately clarified metabolic pathway and the daily consumption of foods containing malic acid in adults, derived an acceptable daily group intake value (ADI) without further specification for DL-malic acid or potassium DL malate. It is used as an acidity regulator or acidifier in, for example, canned vegetables, instant soups and sauces, fruit products and lemonades . It supports antioxidants in their effect and has a flavor-enhancing effect and can therefore also help to save sweeteners in sugar-free products.
There are no health concerns with regard to the use in food technology.
Individual evidence
- ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
- ↑ Entry potassium malate on www.zusatzstoffe-online.de (accessed June 11, 2012).
- ↑ EFSA: Calcium acetate, calcium pyruvate, calcium succinate, magnesium pyruvate, magnesium succinate and potassium malate added to food supplements for nutritional purposes from May 13, 2009 ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on May 11, 2014.
