Cardinal gladiolus
| Cardinal gladiolus | ||||||||||||
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Illustration of Gladiolus cardinalis |
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| Gladiolus cardinalis | ||||||||||||
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The Cardinal gladiolus ( Gladiolus cardinalis ) is a plant of the genus gladiolus ( Gladiolus ) in the family of the Iridaceae (Iridaceae). It is one of the parent species of the garden gladiolus ( Gladiolus × hortulanus ).
features
The cardinal gladiolus is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 60 to 115 centimeters. As a permanent organ, this geophyte forms spherical nodules with a diameter of about 12 to 18 mm. The stem is unbranched. The five to nine alternate and two-line leaves on the stem are simple, long, sword-shaped, parallel-veined, 40 to 45 centimeters long and about 1 to 2.1 centimeters wide. The leaf margin is smooth.
It is a terminal, unbranched, ähriger inflorescence formed of two up to 6 cm long bracts and usually eight to eleven (rarely to twelve) contains flowers. The sessile, hermaphrodite, threefold flower , which smells of carnations at night, is strongly zygomorphic . The flower tube is about 8 cm long. There are two by three differently shaped bracts, they are pink to purple. The lower bracts have a rhombic, black central point. The upper bracts are weakly helmet-shaped, the others are spread out. There is only the inner circle with three free, fertile stamens , because they are opposite the outer bracts and do not protrude from the flower tube with which they are fused at the base. Three carpels have become an under constant ovary grown. The stylus ends in three pits. The flowering period usually extends from June to July.
The triple capsule fruit has a length of 18 to 27 mm and contains many seeds.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 52.
Occurrence
The cardinal gladiolus occurs in South Africa in the western Cape Province.
use
The cardinal gladiolus is rarely used as an ornamental plant.
Individual evidence
literature
- Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Rothmaler excursion flora from Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants . Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Berlin Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 .
