Charles Caesar

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Karl Caesar (born December 24, 1874 in Münster (Selters) , † April 7, 1942 in Berlin ) was a German architect and university professor.

Life

Karl Caesar was born in Münster as the son of the Protestant pastor Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Caesar and Wilhelmine Caesar. Döring born. He had two siblings: sister Charlotte and brother Wilhelm. After attending the Real and Humanistic Gymnasium Wiesbaden in the years 1885–1890, he attended the boarding school of the Pforta state school near Naumburg from 1890–1894 , where he graduated from high school. It is possible that there he met the later painter, artisan, architect and author Paul Schultze-Naumburg , who at the same time was attending grammar school in Naumburg and from 1901 founded his workshops in Saaleck near Bad Kösen. He completed his studies at the Technical University in Berlin-Charlottenburg with Hugo Hartung in the years 1894–1896 with the pre-exam. In 1896 a semester at the TH Munich followed . When he returned to the TH Berlin-Charlottenburg, he became a student assistant at Hugo Hartung and also an employee in his planning office. The first state examination in building construction followed in 1898.

Since May 1898 as Kgl. Prussian government building supervisor in the general building administration worked on the construction of the anatomical institute of the University of Marburg / Lahn. From October 1, 1899 to September 30, 1900, followed a year of military service with the 160th Infantry Regiment as a reserve officer. He then worked in the church building department of the Prussian Ministry of Public Works. Under Oskar Hossfeld he worked on a number of Prussian country churches. In 1903 he passed the second state examination with distinction and was appointed government master builder. He was awarded the State Prize for his submitted work. He made a three-month study tour through northern France, the results of which he published in a comprehensive article in the Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung .

Freiendiez Central Prison

In 1907 he was transferred from Berlin to Freiendiez , where he planned and started building the central prison - based on a system drawing by chief building officer Eduard Saal (1848–1922) - with the associated civil servants' settlement. 1908–1909 he was also a district building inspector in Freiendiez. During this time he gave a lecture in the Landes-Haus in Wiesbaden: "Old and new architecture in the Wiesbaden administrative district - A comparison", which was published in the Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung as well as an extended special edition. The work in Diez ended in 1909 when he was appointed full professor of agricultural art at the TH Berlin-Charlottenburg, but he also had his own planning office.

In 1915 he was drafted and assigned as a technical officer with the rank of first lieutenant to the province of Thorn - today Toruń . Later he worked in Kaunas - today Kowno - where he received an inquiry about a professorship at the TH Karlsruhe - chair of Friedrich Ostendorf , who had fallen at Arras. From there he conducted written negotiations, so that the senate of the TH Karlsruhe recommended the appointment as early as November 1915. The ministry in Berlin tried to keep him there by increasing his salary, but he accepted the chair for modern design on April 1, 1916, as private contracts for state buildings had been promised to him during the appointment negotiations. In 1921–1923, 1929–1932 and 1933–1935 he was head of the architecture department, and in 1925 and 1933 he was also rector of the university.

Orthopedic University Clinic Heidelberg

In 1919, as a private architect, he was given the task of building the new orthopedic clinic at Heidelberg University, which was completed by 1922. In 1923 he was awarded an honorary doctorate in medicine by the medical faculty of Heidelberg University for his services to medicine in the construction of the orthopedic university clinic. On October 1, 1935, he went back to Berlin, where he had again accepted an appointment at the TH Berlin-Charlottenburg. He was there from 1939-1941 dean of the Faculty of Construction. After a long illness, he died after a serious operation on April 7, 1942 in Berlin.

The Protestant Karl Caesar was married to Emilie Caesar born in 1904. Caesar. The children Charlotte (1905–1994) and Karl (1916–1958) emerged from the marriage. From 1898 to 1919 and from 1936 to 1938 he was a member of the Berlin architects and engineers association AIV. During the First World War, he was awarded the Iron Cross II and the Knight's Cross of the Order of the Zähringer Lion with Swords, in 1938 the Loyalty Service Medal in Gold for civil servants, and in 1941 he became Honorary Senator of the TH Berlin-Charlottenburg. In 1933 he joined the Nazi party.

Alignment

Himmelsbach settlement in Bingen-Kempten

In his buildings he pursued a strict form based on the architecture of the 18th century, without historicist ingredients. He was a very typical representative of homeland security architecture ; It is not known whether he belonged to the "Bund Heimatschutz" (Bund Heimatschutz) founded in 1904 - chairman Paul Schultze-Naumburg . His lecture on old and new art ended programmatically with buildings in the civil servants' housing estate of the central prison in Diez. He then continued to pursue this architecture, which can be seen in his private houses, the clinic buildings and the two housing estates for the wood processing companies Himmelsbach - later Richtberg - in Bingen-Kempten and Neuchâtel - actually Auggen (Baden). Its facilities have a strict urban planning framework on which the individual buildings and assemblies are classified.

buildings

"Caesar Arch", Piekary House in Toruń
  • 1903 Eibach private house in Dotzheim near Wiesbaden.
  • 1907–1912 Central prison in Freiendiez - Diez since 1938 - with civil servants' settlement. After his appointment to Berlin-Charlottenburg, government architect Albert Grün (1875 – approx. 1955), who was transferred from Montabaur to Freiendiez, took over the further processing. The basis for the central building was a sample drawing by senior building officer Eduard Saal (1848–1922), lecturer in the building administration of the Ministry of Public Works with the special area of ​​prison buildings. The completely preserved complex - partially changed and expanded with additional buildings - is a listed building.
  • 1909–1910 Reconstruction measures at Lahneck Castle via Oberlahnstein for the frigate captain - later vice admiral - Robert Mischke . Installation of installations including central heating, construction of a transition between two components behind the inner castle gate.
  • 1910 Rupprecht's private house in Berlin-Zehlendorf.
  • 1911 The “Caesar Arch” breakthrough through the Baroque house Piekary 37 in Toruń - formerly Thorn. The name persists, a memorial plaque has been preserved.
  • 1918–1930 Orthopedic Clinic at the University of Heidelberg. Main building (240 beds) with extensions and storeys, as well as a separate Wielandheim, this together with Gisbert von Teuffel . All buildings are under monument protection.
Richtbergsiedlung in Auggen
  • 1921 Branch of the company Gebrüder Himmelsbach, Freiburg - later Richtberg - in Neuchâtel, actually Auggen (Baden). The center of the plant is a sawing hall built from parts of a former zeppelin hall. Administration building and servant houses in an axially symmetrical arrangement. All buildings are under monument protection.
  • 1920–1923 Branch of the company Gebrüder Himmelsbach, Freiburg - later Richtberg - in Bingen-Gaulsheim. The company buildings were demolished after the Second World War. Servant settlement in neighboring Bingen-Kempten - a pentagon of 5 semi-detached houses with bent connecting structures, now privately owned. The facility is a listed building.
  • 1932 New building of an inn on the linden terrace of Lahneck Castle .
  • 1933 Expansion of the restaurant with a hall.
  • 1936–1938 Demolition of the crenellated wreaths and the flat sloping roofs of Lahneck Castle behind them and steep gable roofs put on. All changes to Lahneck Castle, which was rebuilt in the 19th century, are included in the monument protection of the complex.
  • 1938 Development plan for the city of Montabaur, which was not pursued any further.

student

  • Otto Haupt (1891–1966), architect and university professor, followed Caesar from Berlin to Karlsruhe, where he graduated in 1919.
  • Gustav Pfeifer (1896–1974) had been the city architect in Limburg since 1935.

Fonts

  • Old and new architecture in the Wiesbaden district - a comparison. Lecture given on December 18, 1908 in the Wiesbaden State House by Karl Caesar District Building Inspector in Freiendiez. Extended special print from the central sheet of the building administration. Wilhelm Ernst and Son, Berlin 1909.
  • Norman country churches. In: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. XXIX. Jhrg., 1909, No. 101-102.
  • Review by Fritz Kösser: Wooden-roofed country churches in Normandy. Kühtmann, Dresden 1910
  • Discussion in the Neudeutschen Bauzeitung. 6, 1910, pp. 29–34, from “Von deutscher Kunst” - collected essays and posthumous writings by Karl Schäfer. Wilhelm Ernst and Son, Berlin 1910.
  • The essence and value of the Gothic. Speech at the celebration of the change of rectorate at the TH Fridericiana in Karlsruhe on December 13, 1924. Balduin Pick, Cologne 1924.
  • Carl Schäfer. In: Baden biographies. Vol. 6/2. Winter, Heidelberg 1927.
  • About the involvement of university lecturers on government building tasks - memorandum. Karlsruhe 1933.
  • German architecture. Speech given at the foundation ceremony of the TH Fridericiana in Karlsruhe on January 18, 1934. Karlsruhe Academic Speeches Volume 14. Konkordia, Bühl 1935.

literature

  • Otto Renkhoff: Nassau biography. Short biographies from 13 centuries. 2nd Edition. Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1992, ISBN 3-922244-90-4 , p. 557.
  • Joachim Kleinmanns: Caesar, Karl. In: Fred Ludwig Sepaintner (Ed.): Badische Biographien. NF Volume 6. Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 2011, ISSN  0940-2640 , pp. 56–58.
  • Friedrich Bertkau, Gerhard Oestreich: Kürschner Scholars Calendar. 6th edition. De Gruyter, Berlin 1940/1941, p. 241; 7th edition. 1950, p. 243.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Not, as stated in various places, Münster in Westphalia.
  2. ↑ All information on life and professional development according to: LEO-BW discovering regional studies online - holdings of the General-Landesarchiv Karlsruhe and Baden biographies. New series 6. Winter, Heidelberg 1927, pp. 56–58. All sources are here too.
  3. ^ Christian Welzbacher: Schultze-Naumburg. In: New German Biography. Volume 23. Duncker and Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 .
  4. ^ Ulrich Thieme, Felix Becker: General Lexicon of the Visual Artists of the 20th Century. Volume 29/30. Seemann, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-363-00730-2 .
  5. ^ Hans Reuter: Hossfeld. In: German biographies. Volume 9. Duncker and Humblot, Berlin 1972.
  6. ^ Ludwig Otte: Prussian village churches. In: Architectural Review. 1908, No. 4, pp. 25-26.
  7. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. XXII. Jhrg., No. 43 of May 30, 1903, p. 265.
  8. ↑ Karl Caesar: Norman country churches. In: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. XXIX. Jhrg., No. 101-102.
  9. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. XXVII. Jhrg., No. 29, April 6, 1907, p. 187.
  10. ↑ Today the Diez prison and preventive custody facility .
  11. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. XXIX. Jhrg., No. 38–41.
  12. ↑ German construction newspaper. 50th year, No. 23 of March 18, 1916, p. 126.
  13. ↑ Why he is occasionally listed as a doctor and architect.
  14. ^ Renkhoff: Nassau biography. 1992, No. 1423.
  15. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. XXIX. Jhrg., No. 65, August 14, 1909, p. 429.
  16. ^ Rainer Dittmann (ed.): Prison system in Diez - 100 years of the Freiendiez prison - Diez prison 1912–2012. A chronicle in texts, reports from contemporary witnesses, sources and pictures. JVA Diez, Diez 2012. The existing plans of the buildings of the facility are signed by Grün.
  17. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. XXXXII. Jhrg., No. 61 of July 29, 1922, p. 363. Saal worked with Dr. Carl Krohne (1836–1913), head of the prison department in the Ministry of the Interior, worked on the further development of prison architecture.
  18. ↑ All information on Lahneck Castle based on a list by Henriette von Preuschen, as well as: Henriette von Preuschen: Exploring Burg Lahneck. "Looking Forwards" - the Countryhouse in Contemporary Research and Conservation. York 1999, pp. 24-31.
  19. ↑ Landhaus Rupprecht. In: Berliner Architekturwelt. 1911, issue 8, p. 319.
  20. ↑ Time Diver Republic of Poland / West Prussia / Thorn.
  21. ^ Sylvia Kreutz: The orthopedic clinic and polyclinic Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200 a. In: Peter Anselm Riedl (ed.): The buildings of the University of Heidelberg. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg 1985, p. 576 ff.
  22. ↑ The matter has not been fully resolved, but the district president responsible for Montabaur, Dr. Gerhard Mischke, as well as District Administrator Dr. Rudolf von Preuschen, son and son-in-law of Robert Mischke, knew Caesar from his work at Lahneck Castle.
  23. ↑ Baden biographies. NF Volume 3, 1990.
  24. ^ Documents in the Limburg City Archives.
personal data
SURNAME Caesar, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH December 24, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Munster (Selters)
DATE OF DEATH April 7, 1942
Place of death Berlin