Charles III (Savoy)
Charles III (II.) Called the Good (il Buono) (born October 10, 1486 in Chazey-sur-Ain ; † August 17, 1553 in Vercelli ) was Duke of Savoy from 1504 to 1553 , although the country was in the period from 1536 to was ruled by the French crown on his death. He was also titular king of Cyprus and Jerusalem .
Karl was the younger son of Philip II "Ohneland" and his second wife Claudine de Brosse, a family that unsuccessfully asserted their claims to the Duchy of Brittany . His grandparents were Louis the Elder and Anna of Cyprus; his predecessor Philibert II was a half-brother. He was named after his cousin, the then reigning Charles I , known as "the warrior".
When he was ten years old, his father unexpectedly ascended the throne of his great-nephew Charles II Johann Amadeus as Duke and now head of the Savoy dynasty, which, according to their title, also ruled the Kingdom of Cyprus, Jerusalem and Armenia.
In 1497, the half-brother of Charles III. Philibert II "the beautiful" the throne of the father. In 1504 Philibert died childless. At the age of 18 he was followed by Charles III.
Although the Savoy family lost their rights to Jerusalem and Cyprus in 1499, Charles III. the title continues. It was not until 1713 that one of Charles III's descendants, Victor Amadeus II of Savoy, received confirmation from the kings of Spain and France to continue these titles. With the death of Charles they had gone to the French lords of La Tremoille, the princes of Talmond and Taranto.
Charles III allied with the Habsburgs in the Italian Wars . King Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V fought bitter battles. Charles III finally married Beatrix of Portugal (1504–1538), the daughter of Manuel I of Portugal , a close relative of the emperor. Beatrix and Karl III. had nine children together, but only one of them, Emanuele Filiberto , came of age.
The French overran the duchy several times from 1536 and were able to hold most of the territories until 1559. Other parts of the country were also lost to Switzerland. Charles III therefore spent this time of his life in the remaining areas of Nice , the Aosta Valley and Vercelli .
Charles III was the duke who imprisoned François Bonivard , the prior of Geneva, in Chillon Castle in 1530 .
literature
- Bernard Andenmatten / MD: Savoyen, Karl II. (III.) Von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Remarks
- ↑ In Italian historiography, Karl II. Johann Amadeus is not counted, but understood as Carlo Giovanni Amedeo without numbering. As a result, in French and international historiography as Charles III. or Charles III. von Savoyen called rulers occasionally to be found in German-language literature as Charles II the Good . See for example the book by Volker Reinhardt (Hrsg.): Die Großes Familien Italiens (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 485). Kröner, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-520-48501-X , p. 490 or John E. Morby: Dynastien der Welt. Artemis, Zurich 1991, p. 154.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Philibert II |
Duke of Savoy 1504–1553 |
Emanuele Filiberto |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Charles III |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of Savoy |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 10, 1486 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Chazey-sur-Ain |
| DATE OF DEATH | 17th August 1553 |
| Place of death | Vercelli |