Ludwig von Zanth

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Ludwig von Zanth
Ludwig von Zanth: View of the Wilhelma (1855). The Wilhelma Theater (not in the picture) and the Wilhelma with the gardens and Moorish buildings are the main works of Ludwig von Zanth.

Karl Ludwig Wilhelm Zanth , from 1844 by Zanth , (also Zandt ; born August 6, 1796 in Breslau , † October 7, 1857 in Stuttgart ) was a German architect , architectural theorist and watercolor painter .

life and work

Ludwig Zanth was the son of the Jewish doctor Abraham Zadig , who was in the service of the Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen . The father converted to Christianity in 1820 and the family took the name Zanth . Ludwig Zanth attended the art and construction school in Breslau. In 1808 the family moved to Kassel . Thanks to a grant from the Westphalian court , Ludwig Zanth was able to attend the École polymatique and the Lycée Bonaparte in Paris in the summer and autumn of 1813 . At the end of 1813, the father sent his son to Stuttgart, where he completed his education, especially in the classical languages ​​Latin and Greek, at the grammar school. Ludwig Zanth then completed an apprenticeship in the architecture office of the court architect Ferdinand von Fischer. After stays in Schwäbisch Hall , Ellwangen and Paris, where he worked on two theaters and converted from Protestantism to Catholicism, he settled in Stuttgart in 1831 as an architect. There he was responsible for the interior design of the Wilhelmspalais , which was built from 1834 to 1840. King Wilhelm I had this splendid building built in the classical style for his daughters Marie and Sophie.

In 1835 Zanth took part in the competition to build a new royal court theater in Stuttgart. However, the project was not implemented. In 1835/36 he planned a house for Adolf Goppel in Heilbronn , in 1836/37 the Berkheimer Schlössle for Friedrich Notter and in 1838 a country house for Wilhelm von Taubenheim . In the same year he drafted the plans for the Wilhelma-Theater in Bad Cannstatt , a building in the style of the French Renaissance with painting in the “Pompeian” style, which was completed in 1840. Subsequently, King Wilhelm I of Württemberg entrusted him with the planning and execution of a bathhouse in the midst of exotic greenhouses and parks in the immediate vicinity of the Wilhelma Theater . From 1843 Zanth planned the complex in the Moorish style , which was named Wilhelma on the instructions of the king , today the name of the zoological-botanical garden located there . The inauguration as a Moorish country house took place in 1846. The magnificent building was such a great success that the architect created a large-format portfolio with colored drawings. King Wilhelm I of Württemberg appointed him court architect and awarded him the Knight's Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown in 1844 . Associated with this was the elevation to the personal nobility.

The architect was also a talented draftsman . A still preserved watercolor in Ellwang Castle testifies to his talent.

Zanth's grave in the Hoppenlauf cemetery in Stuttgart

Ludwig von Zanth found his final resting place in the Hoppenlauffriedhof . However, the inscription on his tombstone is weathered beyond recognition.

Fonts

  • with Jacques Ignace Hittorff: Architecture antique de la Sicile ou recueil des plus intéressans monumens d'architecture des villes et des lieux les plus remarquables de la Sicile ancienne, mesurés et dessinés par J. Hittorff et L. Zanth. Paris [1827] ( digitized ).
  • with Jacques Ignace Hittorff: Architecture modern de la Sicile ou Recueil des plus beaux monumens religieux et des édifices publics et particuliers les plus remarquables de la Sicile, mesurés et dessinés par JJ Hittorf et L. Zanth Architectes. Paris 1835.
  • with Jacques Ignace Hittorff: Architecture antique de la Sicile. Recueil des monumens de Ségeste et de Sélinonte, mesurés et dessinés par J.-I. Hittorff & L. Zanth, texts avec un atlas de 89 planches. Paris 1870 ( digitized )
  • The Wilhelma. Moorish villa of His Majesty the King Wilhelm von Württemberg. Designed and executed by Ludwig von Zanth. Autenrieth'sche Kunsthandlung, Stuttgart 1855–1856 ( digitized version ).

literature

  • Mathilde Boisserée: Sulpiz Boisserée. Correspondence / diaries , 2 volumes. Stuttgart 1862, Facsimiledruck Göttingen 1970, Volume 1, pp. 790, 827-828, 848-850, 865.
  • Judith Breuer, Wolfgang Mayer, Helmut F. Reichwald: Awakening from magical sleep. For the restoration of the Wilhelmatheater in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg 16, 2, 1987, pp. 65–86.
  • Thomas L. Donaldson: Memoir of Louis Zanth. In: Papers read at the Royal Institute of British architects, Session 1857–58. London 1858, pp. 15-18 ( digitized version )
  • Rolf Hofmann: The Moorish Villa in the Royal Wilhelma Gardens. A look back at the life of the architect Ludwig Zanth. Without place and year ( online )
  • Karl Klöpping: Historic cemeteries of old Stuttgart . Volume 1: Sankt Jakobus to Hoppenlau. A contribution to the history of the city with a guide to the graves of the Hoppenlauf cemetery. Stuttgart 1991, pp. 314-315, 317 No. 1109.
  • Georg Kaspar Nagler (arrangement): Zanth, Ludwig von. In: Neues Allgemeine Künstler-Lexicon , Volume 22. Munich 1852, pp. 221–222. ( Digitized version )
  • Bertold Pfeiffer: The Hoppenlau cemetery in Stuttgart. Stuttgart 1912.
  • Annemarie Roeder, Michael Wenger u. a .: Karl Ludwig von Zanth. The builder of Wilhelma in his time. Book accompanying the exhibition in the Haus der Heimat. Stuttgart 2012.
  • Frank Scholze: Karl Ludwig Wilhelm von Zanth and Wilhelma. A brief introduction to the architect's 200th birthday. Stuttgart 1996 ( full text )
  • August Wintterlin :  Zanth, Ludwig . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 44, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, p. 689 f.
  • Necrology of Dr. Ludwig v. Zanth, Royal. Dignity. Court architect. In: Schwäbische Kronik of January 3, 1858, p. 13f. - Reprint: Journal of the Architects and Engineers Association for the Kingdom of Hanover 1858, Sp. 372–375 ( digitized version )

Individual evidence

  1. ^ David August Rosenthal : Convertite pictures from the nineteenth century. Volume 1. 2. Part. P. 47, Schaffhausen, 1872.
  2. ^ History of Wilhelma - 19th century Wilhelma website, accessed on April 26, 2016.
  3. ↑ "Everything, everything, the king and us" Monuments - Magazine for Monument Culture in Germany, October 2011, accessed on April 26, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Ludwig von Zanth  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Zanth, Ludwig von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zanth, Karl Ludwig Wilhelm von (full name); Zanth, Ludwig (until 1844); Zandt, Ludwig von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect, architectural theorist and watercolor painter
DATE OF BIRTH August 6, 1796
PLACE OF BIRTH Wroclaw
DATE OF DEATH October 7, 1857
Place of death Stuttgart