Karl Saller

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Karl Felix Saller (born September 3, 1902 in Kempten (Allgäu) , † October 15, 1969 in Munich ) was a German anthropologist and doctor . He made contributions to racial theory , constitution research and human genetics .

Life

Karl Saller attended schools in Nuremberg and Regensburg and then studied natural sciences and medicine at the University of Munich , where he passed the preliminary medical examination in 1923 . During his studies he became a member of the AGV Munich . In 1924 he was awarded a doctorate in anthropology at the natural science faculty of the University of Munich with a thesis on hair pigment in mixed-breed populations. phil. and in 1926 at the Medical Faculty with his dissertation on the relationship between gonadal function and skeletal morphology to the Dr. med. PhD . His academic teachers in Munich were primarily the anthropologist Rudolf Martin (1864–1925) and the anatomist Benno Romeis . He then worked in Munich as an assistant at the State Anthropological Collection. After that, he was a research assistant at the Anthropological Institute of the University of Kiel , where he was at the Medical Faculty in 1928 for the subject Anthropology habilitated . In 1929 he was re- qualified at the University of Göttingen , where he worked as an assistant and private lecturer in anthropology at the anatomical institute.

Saller saw human "races" as biological units that are constantly changing in the interaction between heritage and environment. Saller became a member of the NSDAP . Because of his rejection of the National Socialist racial doctrine, which, in contrast to Saller's views, who, like Friedrich Merkenschlager and Walter Scheidt , advocated a dynamic concept of race, was based on rigid typologies, he was banned from speaking in 1933 and, on January 14, 1935, Reich Minister Bernhard Rust granted him the right to teach Article 18 withdrawn from the Reich Habilitation Regulations. He then founded the private sanatorium Saller as a sanatorium for internal diseases in Badenweiler in 1937 with his wife Herta Saller (1910–1999) and practiced there.

In the Second World War Karl Saller was used as a troop doctor . After the end of the war, he was rehabilitated by the Medical Faculty in Göttingen in 1946 and Saller completed his habilitation at the Medical Faculty of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich for anatomy, including anthropology and constitutional studies. He became medical director of the Robert Bosch Hospital (RBK) in Stuttgart. There he was dismissed in 1949 because there was "a lack of agreement on fundamental medical questions" , the "relationship of trust between Saller and the RBK had been shaken" and "Saller had accepted a professorship in Munich without consent"

From 1948 Karl Saller taught as the successor of Theodor Mollison and full professor for anthropology and human genetics at the University of Munich in the natural science faculty. In the years that followed, Saller rebuilt the institute on Richard-Wagner-Strasse with the State Anthropological Collection and the library destroyed during the war.

Karl Saller was the father of four children.

Fonts

Karl Saller wrote several books and published nearly 400 papers in magazines.

  • Guide to anthropology. Springer, Berlin 1930.
  • Introduction to human heredity and eugenics. Springer, Berlin 1932.
  • Species and race theory of humans. Schwab, Stuttgart 1949.
  • Applied anthropology. Schwab, Stuttgart 1951.
  • Folk medicine and extracurricular diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Haug, Saulgau 1951.
  • Textbook of anthropology in systematic presentation. Founded by Rudolf Martin. G. Fischer, Stuttgart 1956-1966.
  • The image of man in scientific anthropology. Dobbeck, Speyer, Munich 1958.
  • The racial doctrine of National Socialism in science and propaganda. Progress, Darmstadt 1961.
  • (Ed.): The secret of the incarnation. With the collaboration of Heinz Mergarten. Schmitz, Munich 1964.
  • (Ed.): Sexuality Today. Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung, Munich 1967.
  • (Ed.): Race history of mankind. Oldenbourg, Munich, Vienna 1968.
  • (Ed.): Holistic medicine and naturopathic treatment. Günther, Stuttgart 1968.
  • Racial History of Man. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart et al. 1969.

literature

  • Tadeusz Bielicke u. a .: anthropology and human genetics. Festschrift for Karl Saller's 65th birthday. Edited by the Institute for Anthropology and Human Genetics at the University of Munich. Fischer, Stuttgart 1968. ( Contents )
  • Andreas Lüddecke: The "Saller case" and racial hygiene. A Göttingen case study on the contradictions of sociological ideology formation. Tectum, Marburg 1995, ISBN 3-89608-918-8 .
  • Anikó Szabó: eviction, return, reparation. Göttingen university professor in the shadow of National Socialism. With a biographical documentation of the dismissed and persecuted university professors: University of Göttingen - TH Braunschweig - TH Hannover - University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover. Dissertation. University of Hanover 1998. Wallstein, Göttingen 2000, ISBN 3-89244-381-5 , p. 172ff. ( Publications of the Working Group on the History of Lower Saxony (after 1945). Volume 15), ( Google books ).
  • Thomas Faltin: Homeopathy in the clinic: the history of homeopathy at the Robert Bosch Hospital in Stuttgart from 1940–1973. Haug, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8304-7153-X , p. 379ff. ( Google books )
  • Gerfried Ziegelmayer:  Saller, Karl Felix. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 378 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Gerfried Ziegelmayer: 100 years of anthropology in Munich. In: Würzburg medical historical research. Volume 5, 1987, pp. 245-269, here: pp. 258-263.
  • Volker Zimmermann: Medicine in Göttingen during the National Socialist dictatorship. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 9, 1991, pp. 393-416; here: pp. 403–405.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Association of Alter SVer (VASV): Address book and Vademecum. Ludwigshafen am Rhein 1959, p. 105.
  2. ↑ a b Gerfried Ziegelmayer: 100 years of anthropology in Munich. In: Würzburg medical historical research. Volume 5, 1987, pp. 245-269, here: pp. 258-260.
  3. ^ Gerfried Ziegelmayer: 100 years of anthropology in Munich. In: Würzburg medical historical research. Volume 5, 1987, pp. 245-269, here: p. 260.
  4. ^ Bernhard vom Brocke : Population science in National Socialist Germany. In: José Brunner (Ed.): Demography - Democracy - History. Germany and Israel. Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0135-1 , p. 157 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  5. ↑ Ute Felbor: Racial Biology and Hereditary Science in the Medical Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1937–1945 (= Würzburg medical historical research. Supplement 3). Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1995, ISBN 3-88479-932-0 , p. 115 (also dissertation. University of Würzburg 1995, limited preview in Google book search).
  6. ↑ Stine Marg, Katharina Trittel, Bonnie Pülm: White coat and brown shirt: The Göttingen doctor Rudolf Stich in a kaleidoscope. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-525-30056-5 , p. 216 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  7. ^ Anikó Szabó: Expulsion, return, reparation. Göttingen university professor in the shadow of National Socialism. Wallstein, Göttingen 2000, p. 635.
  8. ↑ Thomas Faltin: Homeopathy in the clinic: the history of homeopathy at the Stuttgart Robert Bosch Hospital from 1940–1973. Haug, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8304-7153-X , p. 224 ( Google books )
  9. ^ Gerfried Ziegelmayer: 100 years of anthropology in Munich. In: Würzburg medical historical research. Volume 5, 1987, pp. 245-269, here: pp. 260-263.
personal data
SURNAME Saller, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Saller, Karl Felix (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German anthropologist and doctor
DATE OF BIRTH September 3, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Kempten (Allgäu)
DATE OF DEATH 15th October 1969
Place of death Munich