Karoline Borchardt

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Karoline Borchardt b. Ehrmann (born November 13, 1873 in Heidelberg ; died January 4, 1944 in Theresienstadt ) was a Heidelberg artist and editor and the first wife of the writer Rudolf Borchardt , who was murdered as part of the persecution of Jews during the Nazi era .

Stumbling block for Karoline Borchardt in front of today's Hölderlin-Gymnasium (Plöck 40) in Heidelberg

Life

Karoline Borchardt was born in Heidelberg as the youngest of Eva and Salomon Ehrmann's five children. Her parents ran a men's wardrobe shop there. Both died early, her mother in 1887 and her father in 1888. Two of her siblings also died in 1924. Although the parents were Jews , Caroline and her siblings were baptized Protestants . Karoline attended the painting school in Karlsruhe and trained there and in Munich to be a painter. In May 1904 she met her future husband Rudolf Borchardt in San Gimignano, Tuscany . The wedding followed in 1906 in London , after which the couple settled in Lucca , Tuscany, until 1914 . On September 24, 1914, Rudolf was called up for military service and left Lucca for some time. In October 1919, the childless marriage was divorced at Rudolf's request. In the years that followed, Karoline lived in various pensions in Munich, in increasingly poor conditions. During this time she worked as a proofreader at the Bremer Presse publishing house , but she lost this position in 1933 when Hitler came to power . In 1939, despite her Protestant baptism, she got a Jewish ID card and had to move to a Jewish barracks camp in Munich-Milbertshofen, from where she was deported to Theresienstadt on July 15, 1942 . In November 1944 her family received one last postcard from there, but Karoline had already died in January under unknown circumstances. Her cremation was recorded in the Book of the Dead on January 4, 1944.

Create

During her time in Karlsruhe, Karoline was a private student of Hans von Volkmann and Franz Hein . When she continued her training in Munich, she was a student of Anton Ažbe . From there she kept in contact with Gabriele Münter and John Jack Vrieslander . Her preferred style was the Japanese color woodcut in the form of landscapes and portraits, including self-portraits in oil. She exhibited her few works at the exhibitions in the Künstlerhaus of the Association of Berlin Artists in Bellevuestrasse from 1905 to 1907, at a Karlsruhe Secession Exhibition in Strasbourg in 1906 and at a graphics exhibition of the German Association of Artists in Chemnitz in 1912.

Commemoration

On October 6, 2017, a stumbling block for Karoline Borchardt was laid in front of today's Hölderlin-Gymnasium (formerly the Higher Girls' School in Plöck) in Plöck 40 in Heidelberg, where she herself went to school , as part of six further relocations .

literature

  • Schuster, Gerhard: The country has no children and no light. The painter Karoline Borchardt b. Ehrmann (1873-1944) . In: TITAN issue 8, 2006.
  • Wonschik, Ilka: "It was probably a different star we lived on ..." - artists in Theresienstadt. Berlin: Hentrich & Hentrich 2014.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Karoline Borchardt. In: Stolpersteine-Heidelberg.de. Retrieved May 12, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Rudolph Borchardt. In: kulturportal-west-ost.eu. Retrieved May 12, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Rudolph Borchardt. In: data from German literature. Retrieved May 12, 2020 . , accessed on May 6, 2020.
  4. ↑ a b Karoline Borchardt. In: Heidelberg History Association. Retrieved May 12, 2020 .
  5. ↑ a b Sprengel, Peter: Rudolf Borchardt: The Lord of Words. Munich: CH Beck 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Borchardt, Karoline
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ehrmann, Karoline (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, victim of the persecution of the Jews
DATE OF BIRTH November 13, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Heidelberg
DATE OF DEATH January 4, 1944
Place of death Theresienstadt concentration camp