Kayah state
Coordinates: 19 ° 13 ' N , 97 ° 24' E
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ကယားပြည်နယ် Kayah State |
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| Capital | Loi-kaw |
| surface | 11,731.51 km² |
| population | 286,627 (2014) |
| Population density | 24.4 inhabitants per km² |
| ethnicities |
Kayah , Karen , Padaung , Bamar , Shan , Pa-O |
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The Kayah State ( Burmese ကယားပြည်နယ် , BGN / PCGN : kayabyinè) is one of the 15 administrative units of Myanmar . Sometimes the term Karenni State (State of the Red Karen ) is used.
geography
The Kayah state is in the east of Myanmar. It borders Shan State to the north and Kayin State to the west and south . In the east it forms the state border with Thailand and borders the Mae Hong Son province here .
The capital of the Kayah state is Loi-kaw with about 11,000 inhabitants.
structure
The Kayah State is divided into the two districts of Loi-kaw and Bawlakhe .
history
Originally there were three Karenni states in what is now Kayah State: Kantarawadi , Kyebogyi and Bawlake . In a treaty between the Burmese King Mindon Min and the British government in 1875, both parties recognized that the three states were neither part of the British colony of Burma, nor part of the Kingdom of Burma in Mandalay . That is why the states were never part of the British colony of Burma. Although the states were declared tributary territory of the British colony in 1892, they were never part of it. Except for a few military policemen, the British colonial administration never had troops in the Karenni states.
In February 1946, the Karenni princes were invited by the Shan princes to the Panglong conference . However, the princes refused to attend a conference to negotiate the independence of the colony of Burma on the grounds that the Karenni states were already independent and could only lose that independence as a result. In the same month a representative of the British Frontier Areas Administrative Board visited the capital Loi-kaw and asked the Karenni princes whether the principalities would not want to become members of this organization. The princes also refused this request. The Karenni leaders did not attend the Panglong conference, nor did they sign the negotiated contract. But during the talks with the British colonial power over Burmese independence, the Burmese negotiators claimed that the Karenni leaders had still joined the Frontier Areas Administrative Board and signed the Panglong Treaty.
So it came about that the 1947 constitution of the Union of Burma described the Karenni states as a single Karenni state and as a member of the union. According to the constitution, the state had the right to leave the Union after 10 years. The Karenni leaders were not asked if they would agree to the constitution.
On January 4, 1948, Burma was given independence. On August 9, 1948, Burmese troops invaded the Karenni States and occupied the headquarters of the Karenni National Organization in Myat Leh . The Karenni leader U Bee Htu Re was murdered by Burmese troops because he was still speaking out against joining the Karenni states to the Union of Burma. The Kayah then rebelled. The uprising continues to this day.
On October 5, 1951, Karenni State was renamed Kayah State. The Shan Principality of Mong Pai was also annexed to the Kayah state.
In 1976 many Karenni villages were forcibly relocated to areas controlled by the Burmese military in order to take the support of the resistance groups away from the population. Serious human rights violations were registered.
