Nuclear energy in Finland

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Nuclear power plants in Finland:
Red pog.svg In operation under construction
Purple pog.svg 

Currently (as of December 2017) four reactors are operated at two locations in Finland . Finland commissioned the first reactor in 1977. In 1993, due to considerable public protests, planning for the construction of new nuclear power plants was stopped.

List of nuclear reactors in Finland

List of nuclear power plants in Finland (source: IAEA, as of December 2019)
Surname block
 Reactor type model status Net
power
in MW
 Gross
power
in MW
 start of building First network
synchronization 		Commercial
operation
(planned)
 Switching off
processing
(planned)
 Feed-
in in TWh
Loviisa 1 PWR VVER V-213 In operation 507 531 1971-05-01 05/01/1971 1977-02-08 02/08/1977 1977-05-09 05/09/1977 2027-99-99(2027) 149.68
2 PWR VVER V-213 In operation 507 531 1972-08-01 08/01/1972 1980-11-04 04/11/1980 1981-01-05 01/05/1981 2030-99-99(2030) 140.10
Olkiluoto 1 BWR AA-III, BWR-2500 In operation 880 910 1974-02-01 02/01/1974 1978-09-02 09/02/1978 1979-10-10 10/10/1979 2039-99-99(2039) 252.25
2 BWR AA-III, BWR-2500 In operation 890 920 1975-11-01 11/01/1975 1980-02-18 02/18/1980 1982-07-10 07/10/1982 2042-99-99(2042) 243.04
3 PWR EPR Under construction since 2005 1600 1720 2005-08-12 08/12/2005 - - - -

Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant

In 2005 the construction of a third block began in Olkiluoto , the first EPR of Areva NP . The construction was originally supposed to be completed in 2009, but will be delayed until at least 2015. The Finnish energy company TVO has agreed a fixed price of 3.2 billion euros with the construction consortium. In October 2011, the construction costs were put at 6.6 billion euros. The appointment was postponed again. The reactor is now scheduled to go into operation in 2019 and its construction will cost 9 billion euros.

One reason for the delay was the award of contracts to 1,500 suppliers from 28 countries to reduce costs. Often companies were commissioned that had no experience with such a large project as Olkiluoto. In over 1500 cases to date, there have been deviations from the applicable safety regulations; the Finnish radiation protection authority STUK repeatedly refused to accept them.

The approximately five-year delay in completion will result in considerable additional costs: Estimates assume that a three-year delay alone will result in electricity imports of 3 billion euros. Finland ranks 5th in the world in terms of the highest per capita electricity consumption.

A fourth block was to be built at the Olkiluoto site. The output of the reactor should be between 1,000 MW and 1,800 MW. An EPR or SWR1000 from Areva , an Advanced Boiling Water Reactor from Toshiba, an Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR) from Mitsubishi, a Korean APR-1400 and a Russian WWER-1200/491 (AES- 2006).

It was planned to commission the reactor between 2016 and 2018. Since the future operator TVO could not guarantee that the fourth reactor would ever be completed, the Finnish government refused to extend the deadline for applying for a building permit in September 2014.

Loviisa nuclear power plant

At the site Loviisa wants Atomstroiexport another reactor of the type VVER -1000 as AES-91 build. It is not yet known whether and when construction will start.

Hanhikivi nuclear power plant

In December 2013, the Finnish company Fennovoima and the Rosatom subsidiary Rusatom Overseas signed a contract for a new Hanhikivi nuclear power plant to be built on the Hanhikivi peninsula in the Pyhäjoki municipality . The reactor of the type WWER-1150 is to be built as AES-2006 by 2024.

In September 2014, the government approved a new nuclear power plant in Pyhäjoki. The Greens then left the government, which led to a government crisis. The construction contract is to go to a subsidiary of the state-owned Russian nuclear company Rosatom, which is also to become the operator and largest shareholder. The German E.ON was originally intended to be the operator, but later withdrew from the project. According to a survey in 2014, two thirds of the population were against Russian participation in the project. In January 2017, a court ruled that a shareholder in Fennovoima may sell his shares. The share of investors from the EU has to be over 60% due to a government decision, so Kesko's exit can become a problem for the project. The metal company Boliden also wants to withdraw from the project.

In January 2016, excavation work began for the foundation of the Hanhikivi nuclear power plant. A VVER with a capacity of 1200 MW is to be built at the site and is to go into operation by 2024. The estimated construction costs are € 6.7 billion.

Olkiluoto repository

The Olkiluoto repository is to be expanded so that it can also be used for highly radioactive waste . Until 1996 Finland exported nuclear waste to Russia; this is now forbidden.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Finland. IAEA , accessed December 1, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Start postponed again for Finnish nuclear reactor . In: Handelsblatt. October 12, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.
  3. ↑ Finland's very first nuclear reactor closes forever In: Industriemagazin. June 29, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  4. ↑ Commercial commissioning of Olkiluoto-3. Nuclear Forum Switzerland, accessed on September 16, 2019 .
  5. ^ Nuclear power in Finland. ( Memento of the original from December 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on: global2000.at @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.global2000.at
  6. ^ A b Nuclear Power in Finland. on: world-nuclear.org (as of October 2010)
  7. ↑ yle.fi Government rejects TVO request to re-apply for nuclear license, YLE News September 25, 2014.
  8. ↑ Atomic Energy Project - Тендер ФИН5 АЭС Ловииза ( Memento from March 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (Russian)
  9. ↑ Finland's Fennovoima signs reactor deal with Rosatom . reuters.com from December 21, 2015, accessed August 24, 2016.
  10. ↑ Russia is building a new taz nuclear power plant from September 18, 2014.
  11. ↑ Finland loses further investors for atomic power plant iwr.de from January 23, 2017.
  12. ↑ Impact of Hanhikivi 1 licensing delay remains unclear. www.world-nuclear-news.org (WNN), October 17, 2017, accessed on December 23, 2017 (English).