Nuclear energy in Italy

Caorso CIRENE / Latina En.Fermi Garigliano Montalto

Nuclear power plants in Italy:  decommissioned   construction suspended

Currently (as of January 2018) there are no more nuclear power plants in operation in Italy . After the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in 1986, there was a referendum in Italy on November 8, 1987, which decided to phase out nuclear energy. As a result, the last two nuclear power plants, which were shut down in 1986 and 1987, respectively, were officially shut down on July 1, 1990.

history

Italy began nuclear research in 1946. The ENEA was founded 1960th The first commercially used reactor block went into operation in 1963 at the Latina nuclear power plant.

After the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in 1986, there was a referendum in Italy on November 8, 1987, which decided to phase out nuclear energy. The last two nuclear power plants still in operation were officially shut down on July 1, 1990. A moratorium on the construction of new nuclear power plants, which originally ran from 1987 to 1993, has been extended indefinitely. The research reactors Ispra-1 and ESSOR at the Joint Research Center in Ispra were also officially shut down after Chernobyl; they had been shut down since 1986 and 1987, respectively.

The SOGIN (Società Gestione Impianti Nucleari) was founded in 1999 to take over the final decommissioning of the nuclear power plants.

In October 2005, Altero Matteoli , then Environment Minister of the then center-right government, announced the government's intention to reintroduce nuclear energy and make it the main source of electricity within 10 to 15 years. Six months later, in the parliamentary elections on April 9 and 10, 2006, Romano Prodi came to power.

The center-right government ("Berlusconi IV"), re- elected in April 2008 , advocated the reintroduction of nuclear energy. Industry Minister Claudio Scajola announced on May 22, 2008 that Italy would start building several modern nuclear power plants by the regular end of the legislative period (2013). On February 24, 2009, an agreement was reached with the French government to build four new ' EPR ' nuclear power plants in Italy . There was resistance and concerns against all planned locations:

• against the earthquake-prone Chioggia (30 km from Venice as the crow flies).
• against Monfalcone (Friuli, 25 km northwest of Trieste),
• against Caorso in the Emilia-Romagna region (halfway between Milan and Bologna) and
• against Trino Vercellese (in Piedmont, 50 km east of Turin).

The Italian company ENEL took a 12.5% ​​stake in the second European pressurized water reactor (EPR) ( Flamanville nuclear power plant - 3 in France) on November 30, 2007 .

After the Fukushima nuclear disaster in the Japanese Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant , the Italian cabinet (in Italy: “ Council of Ministers ”) under Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi decided in March 2011 to suspend a return to nuclear energy for another year; on June 12 and 13, 2011, 94.1% of those who voted rejected re-entry in a referendum with 57% turnout .

List of nuclear reactors in Italy

List of nuclear power plants in Italy (source: IAEA, as of December 2019)

Surname	block	Reactor type	model	status	Net power in MW	Gross power in MW	start of building	First network synchronization	Commercialization of essential operation	switching off processing	Feed- in in TWh
Caorso	1	BWR	BWR-4 (Mark 2)	Shut down	860	882	01/01/1970	05/23/1978	December 01, 1981	July 1, 1990 de facto 1986	27.73
Enrico Fermi	1	PWR	WH 4LP	Shut down	260	270	07/01/1961	10/22/1964	01/01/1965	July 1, 1990, de facto 1987	24.31
Garigliano	1	BWR	BWR-1	Shut down	150	160	11/01/1959	01/01/1964	06/01/1964	03/01/1982	12.25
Latina	1	GCR	MAGNOX	Shut down	153	160	11/01/1958	05/12/1963	01/01/1964	December 1, 1987, de facto 1986	25.49

List of nuclear power plants in Italy whose construction has ceased

Surname	block	Reactor type	model	status	Net power in MW	Gross power in MW	start of building	First network synchronization	Commercialization of essential operation	switching off processing	Feed- in in TWh
CIRENE	1	HWLWR	-	Construction stopped	35	40	01/01/1979	-	-	-	-
Montalto di Castro	1	SWR	-	Construction stopped	982	1.009	-	-	-	-	-
	2	SWR	-	Construction stopped	982	1.009	-	-	-	-	-

See also

• Italian nuclear weapons program
• Nuclear energy by country

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Italy. IAEA - Power Reactor Information System (PRIS), accessed on January 7, 2018 . 
2. ↑ https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=327
3. ^ ^{A b} Nuclear Power in Italy. World Nuclear Association (WNA), accessed January 7, 2018 . 
4. ↑ https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=327
5. ↑ Some observers thought or consider this to be an election campaign statement. A quote from the Wikipedia article on Silvio Berlusconi : “The Italian business associations openly criticized the economic policy of the past five years, which had led to almost zero growth (0.1 percent in 2005). In their opinion, Italy threatened to slip out of the group of G8 countries . Berlusconi described the allegations as absurd and again warned of the dangers of a 'communist' takeover by the center-left alliance. The election campaign was marked by strong verbal radicalization. "
6. ↑ Italy is back to nuclear power. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung. May 22, 2008.
7. ^ The French build nuclear power plants in Italy
8. ↑ www.wirtschaftsblatt.at March 17, 2011 - Protest against Berlusconi's nuclear plans ( Memento from January 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
9. ↑ May 29, 2012: Several earthquakes in northern Italy within hours
10. ↑ udo-leuschner.de
11. ↑ March 23, 2011, diepresse.com: Italy is suspending nuclear re-entry for a year.
12. ↑ Serious defeat for Berlusconi in the atomic vote . ( Memento from August 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: Financial Times Germany. June 13, 2011.
13. ↑ Italy votes against nuclear power - and against Berlusconi . In: FAZ. June 13, 2011.
14. ↑ Speciale elezioni 2011 . In: La Repubblica . Retrieved June 16, 2011.
15. ↑ Italy. IAEA , accessed December 5, 2019 . 

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