Leg snails

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Leg snails
Housing of Perrona semimarginata

Housing of Perrona semimarginata

Systematics
Superordinate : Caenogastropoda
Order : Sorbeoconcha
Subordination : Hypsogastropoda
Partial order : Neogastropoda
Superfamily : Conoidea
Family : Leg snails
Scientific name
Clavatulidae
Gray , 1853

The leg snails ( Clavatulidae ) are a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized shell snails that are exclusively found in the sea . Until 2011 they were counted among the slug snails (Turridae) within the superfamily Conoidea .

features

The species of the family Clavatulidae have medium-sized to large, spindle-shaped shells with elongated, pointed and high threads. The case mouth is oval and mostly white. The core of the operculum sits medio-laterally. The siphon canal can be quite short - as in Pusionella compacta - or moderately long and slightly curved - as in Fusiturris undatiruga . The anal sinus varies widely from very shallow to quite deep. The outer lip of the case mouth can be slightly bent and sawn on the side. The lower seam ramp is usually well developed. The shell of the snail is sculptured very differently depending on the species and can be quite smooth - as in Gemmuloborsonia colorata - or finely ribbed lengthways and crosswise striped. The tooth formula of the shortened radula is 1- (1-R-1) -1.

distribution

The leg snails are found in warm seas around the world and are absent in cold waters. A main area of ​​distribution is the Indo-Pacific , but the representatives of the genus Clavatula can be found in the Atlantic Ocean , preferably on the west coast of Africa . Here also is Pusionella nifat found, their distribution to the Algerian ranges Mediterranean coast. The species Fusiturris similis also occurs in the Mediterranean .

nutrition

The feeding habits have only been observed in a few Clavatulidae so far, but polychaeta (polychaeta) serve as prey in all of the species examined . The radula teeth connected to a poison gland identify the snails as predators , stinging and poisoning their prey. Turricula nelliae eats many different polychaetes, but mainly Lagis koreni and representatives of the genera Poecilochaetus and Prionospio . Also Turricula javana eats polychaetes, particularly from the genera Poecilochaetus and Marphysa .

Systematics and taxonomy

John Edward Gray turned in 1853 to the genus Clavatula a subfamily, which for a long time within the Pfeilzüngler (Toxoglossa) to turrid was counted (Turridae). In 1998, based on a cladistic analysis, Rosenberg raised this taxon to its own family , which, in the opinion of other authors (Kantor, Sysoev), does not form a monophyletic group with the slug tower snails .

Genera

There are currently 14 recent and 2 fossil genera within this family:

The following genera are no longer included in this taxon:

The following genera are no longer recognized as such:

  • Melatoma Swainson, 1840 , synonym by Clionella Gray, 1847
  • Netrum Philippi, 1850 , synonym of Pusionella Gray, 1847
  • Surcula H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 , synonym of Turricula Schumacher, 1817
  • Tomella Swainson, 1840 , synonym by Tomellana Wenz, 1943
  • Tyrrhenoturris Coen, 1929 , synonym of Fusiturris Thiele, 1929

literature

  • John Edward Gray (1853): On the division of Ctenobranchous Gasteropodous Mollusca into larger groups and families . Annals and Magazine of Natural History (2) 11, pp. 124-133. Clavatulidae (Clavatulina), p. 128.
  • Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi (Eds.): Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47, pp. 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN  0076-2997 ISBN 3-925919-72-4
  • N. Puillandre, S. Samadi, M.-C. Boisselier, AV Sysoev, YI Kantor, C. Cruaud, A. Couloux & P. ​​Bouchet: Starting to unravel the toxoglossan knot: molecular phylogeny of the “turrids” (Neogastropoda: Conoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, pp. 1122-1134, 2008

Web links

Commons : Clavatulidae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ JA Miller (1990): The feeding and prey capture mechanism of Turricula nelliae spurius (Hedley) (Gastropoda: Turridae). In: Brian Morton (Ed.): The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China II: Behavior, morphology, physiology and pollution. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong 1990, pp. 979-992.
  2. ↑ John D. Taylor, Paul KS Shin: Trawl surveys of sublittoral gastropods in Tolo Channel and Mirs Bay; a record of change from 1976-1986. In: Brian Morton (Ed.): The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China II: Behavior, morphology, physiology and pollution. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong 1990, pp. 857-882, here p. 876.
  3. ^ Clavatulidae Gray, 1853 ( World Register of Marine Species ).
  4. ^ Jean-Michel Pacaud, Jacques Le Renard: Révision des mollusques Paléogènes du Bassin de Paris. IV list systématique actualisée. Cossmanniana 3.4 (1995), pp. 155-187.