Church on Magdalensberg
The church on Magdalensberg in Magdalensberg , federal state Carinthia , Austria , at the summit of the 1058 meter high Magdalensberg is a branch church of the parish church Heilige Margaretha in Ottmanach . It is consecrated to Saints Helena and Maria Magdalena , although the patronage of Helena was the original and that of Maria Magdalena did not arise until after 1583.
history
In the late 12th or early 13th century, the Lords of Osterwitz built a church on Magdalensberg, which probably consisted of a flat-roofed nave and a round apse or a square choir. In 1262 Pope Urban IV confirmed to a pastor Heinrich the ownership of the churches "sancte Margarete in Otmaniach et monis sancte Helene ... quarum una dependet ex alia ..." An expansion of the church started by a master Mothe (Matthias) in 1462 could only end to be completed in the 15th century. A larger building was added to the side, so that the original church forms today's south aisle. Major contributions to the expansion and furnishing of the church were made by St. Veit bourgeois families, which are also associated with the emerging Vierberglauf , the starting point of which is the church. The tradesman Hans Kaltenhauser had a now lost relief stone attached to the church.
Building description
The medium-sized late Gothic church consists of a high nave, a slightly lower narrow main choir and a southern side choir. In the south-west corner of the nave, a transept -like building with a gable was formerly known as the treasury. In the northern corner of the choir stands the tower crowned by a pyramid roof, the coupled sound windows of which were replaced in 1571 after a fire. The bell was cast by Anton Kosmatschin in 1703. The church is supported by high, stepped buttresses , which are placed over the corner at the choir and are crowned by pointed gables and fragmentary pinnacles . In contrast, the struts on the side choir are simple and clumsy. The church has high two-lane tracery windows on the choirs and on the south side of the nave . The rectangular window above the walled-up Gothic south portal was knocked out in the Baroque period , the two windows on the side of the west portal were restored in 1971. The round windows on the west and south sides have Gothic four-pass tracery . The narrow, ogival west portal with iron-studded Gothic door has richly profiled Gothic walls and a straight corbelled lintel and is adorned with the monogram of Christ and two stars on the arched area . The church building is uniformly covered with Steinplattl. The faded Christophorus fresco on the south facade dates from the Baroque period.
Inside, the three-bay nave is a two-aisled hall with a lower south aisle. The star rib vault on the keystones is decorated with stars, flowers, coats of arms and stonemason's marks. The five bundle pillars in the nave are designed differently. The late Gothic gallery with ribbed vaults and three pointed arcades facing the church has a grooved field parapet.
The four-bay choir with a three-eighth closure is out of the north axis compared to the central nave. The ribbed vault rests on consoles and two five-sided services interrupted by canopy niches . The statuettes of the two church saints in the canopy niches presumably come from an altar. A low, ogival portal leads from the north wall of the choir to the sacristy on the tower ground floor. Pointed arched divider arches open the southern side choir to the main choir and to the south aisle.
Facility
The late Gothic high altar from 1502 contains a large carved figure from the older Villach workshop , which depicts Saint Helena with a church model and cross. The figures of a seated Madonna and Child as well as Saints Katharina and Barbara and on top a man of Sorrows , who probably came from a St. Veit workshop, are set up in a delicate burst . In the painting of the Predella , St. Helena asks the Jews of Jerusalem about the hiding place of the cross. Saints Margaretha and Wolfgang are shown on the left and Saints Dorothea and Ulrich on the right . The paintings on the inside of the movable wings show scenes from the legend of the cross : in the upper left the search for the cross and Judas who is thrown into the well; Above right the testing of the miraculous power of the cross through the raising of a dead; below left Emperor Herakleios tries in vain to bring the cross on horseback in triumph to Jerusalem; at the bottom right he humbly carries it on his knees through the city gate. Christ with the twelve apostles is depicted on the right outer side and non-figurative architectural painting on the left.
The three side altars were made around 1700. The left side altar bears a baroque Madonna and Child and an image with God the Father and the Holy Spirit. The altar on the right pillar shows the evangelist Mark on the altar sheet, and St. Sebastian and a martyr pope in the top picture . The figures on the side probably represent the Bethan siblings Martha and Lazarus . In the side choir, the Magdalen Chapel, the altar in the shrine contains a late Gothic Magdalen figure carved around 1520-25. To the side are the baroque figures of the pharmacist saints Cosmas and Damian . On the outside, four late Gothic reliefs from the early 16th century are incorporated into baroque tendrils. Depicted are scenes with Maria Magdalena at the top left, the last communion of the saints, at the bottom left the washing of the feet, at the top right the elevation and at the bottom right the sea voyage of a princely couple with the Magdalena appearing in the sky. In the top niche is the baroque statuette of the risen Christ and above it a carved Noli-me-tangere group .
The basket of the pulpit from around 1660/70 is now used as an ambo . Also worth mentioning is the gray-green, cylindrical basin hollowed out at the top with three head reliefs, the time of which was probably created in the late Middle Ages. The church also features a Nazarene- style crucifixion image on the south wall and a 17th century crucifix on the north wall.
More buildings
The chapel south of the church is a small Gothic building with a three-sided end and a pointed roof with stone slabs. On the north wall there is a fresco of St. Wolfgang from 1786. The parish courtyard next to the church was built in 1849 to provide accommodation for the clergyman who read mass on Magdalensberg.
literature
- Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Carinthia . Anton Schroll, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-7031-0712-X , pp. 485-487.
- Wilhelm Wadl: “Magdalensberg - Nature History Present Community Chronicle”. Verlag Johannes Heyn, Klagenfurt 1995, ISBN 3 85366 812 7 , pp. 214-222.
Web links
Coordinates: 46 ° 43 ′ 41.9 ″ N , 14 ° 25 ′ 45.1 ″ E