Coldinne Monastery

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Memorial stone for the former monastery

The Coldinne monastery is a former monastery in East Frisia . It was in Menstede-Coldinne , a part of today's community of Großheide . After the Reformation , the monastery gradually dissolved and was finally dissolved around 1580 after the death of the last remaining nun. With the exception of small remains, the archive has completely disappeared. From the monastery itself, there are no more rising wall remnants today. It is therefore unknown what it once looked like.

history

Between 1235 and 1287, the Premonstratensians from the Dokkum monastery ( Friesland ) founded the monastery under the patronage of St. Mary (and possibly also Anna ). Documents also contain the Latin terms vera charitas and ter waeren minne (translation from Latin or into Standard German : "Real love of the heart" and "there were lovers / benefactors"). It was on a prehistoric and early historical trade route that led from the north via Hage , Großheide, Coldinne and Westerholt to Esens .

In 1287 56 inmates lived there after the Lucia flood . The Order found this during a visitation . Coldinne was considered a poor settlement of the Premonstratensians.

In 1450 the convent was apparently run down so that the General Chapter of the Norbertine it to the Augustinian canon convent of the monastery Marie Kamp transferred, continued the Coldinne as a sister monastery. In 1481, 48 named nuns lived here under a prioress. In the course of the Reformation, the monastery initially remained, but its land was confiscated by the East Frisian rulers. A letter of protection from Count Johann I dated December 21, 1538 guaranteed the existence of Coldinne, whose buildings were still owned by the monastery in 1562. After the death of the last nun, the monastery was closed around 1580.

The altar was probably brought to the St. Ansgari Church in Hage in the same year and erected there. In its design it is similar to the altar of the Bonifatius Church in Arle , so that both are assigned to the same North Dutch-Frisian workshop. Its creation time is dated to the year 1480. This is supported by fashionable details and the simplicity of the figures. An oak figure of St. Paul , which is in the East Frisian State Museum, has also been preserved. The archive is largely lost , apart from small remains that are kept in the Lower Saxony State Archive (Aurich location) . The library has also disappeared.

After the dissolution of the convent, the buildings were used as quarries. A farmhouse was then built on the site, which burned down in 1703. Today only a flat hill remains from the monastery. In August 2012 the Heimatverein för't Karkspill Arle put up a memorial stone for the monastery. The boulder weighs around 2.5 tons and shows, next to the lettering Coldinne Monastery, an abbot's staff with a cloth.

Economic history

During its existence, the convent was considered very poor. In the Middle Ages, the areas around the monastery mainly consisted of peat heather and were therefore hardly usable. However, there are several deeds of donation from the late 15th and early 16th centuries. In addition, Coldinne had large estates, which made up about 500 hectares of land. About ten kilometers from Coldinne entertained the Convention a Vorwerk in Nesse , the Easter Cold Inner Grashaus. This formed an exclave of the municipality of Großheide until 1972 . Other possessions of the convent were the Marienhof and the Wester-Coldinner grass house as well as lands in the Arler and Westerender Hammrich and in Hagermarsch . According to tradition, the lands were so large that 12 or 16 plows had to be set up every day. The inmates of the monastery mainly grew rye and oats on it.

The entire property, except for the monastery buildings, fell to the counts and princes of East Friesland as a state domain after the Reformation and was then leased or privatized. In 1663 the land was divided into Easter and Westercoldinne.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b praemonstratenser.de: Coldinne in Großheide (Aurich district, Ostfriesland) , viewed on January 6, 2010.
  2. ↑ a b c Hinrich Gast, local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape: Menstede-Coldinne, Großheide, district of Aurich (PDF file; 613 kB).
  3. ↑ a b Ostfriesischer Kurier of August 16, 2012: A 2.5-ton truck tells local history  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 522 kB), accessed on November 29, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.grossheide.de  
  4. ↑ a b c d Axel Heinze: Coldinne . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 1, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3895349577 , pp. 315-317.
  5. ^ Gottfried Kiesow : Architectural Guide East Friesland - Natural and Cultural Landscape . German Foundation for Monument Protection, Bonn 2009, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 286.
  6. ↑ Dissertation by Herbert R. Marwede: Pre-Reformation Altars in East Friesland (PDF file; 1.19 MB). Hamburg 2007, accessed on January 19, 2011. p. 161
  7. ^ Karl Leiner: Panorama district north . Published on: www.grossheide.de: Menstede-Coldinne  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 1, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.grossheide.de  
  8. ↑ Eberhard Rack: The Coldinne Monastery . In: Eberhard Rack: Settlement and Settlement of the Altkreis Norden (PDF file; 4.28 MB). Self-published by the Geographical Commission, Münster / Westphalia 1967. ISBN 3923668481 . P. 31

Coordinates: 53 ° 35 ′ 23.1 "  N , 7 ° 23 ′ 37.3"  E