Marienthal Monastery (Ahr)
The Marienthal Monastery is a former Augustinian monastery in Marienthal , a district of Dernau in Rhineland-Palatinate . It was founded in 1137 and is the oldest monastery in the Ahr Valley . It was rebuilt after being destroyed in the Thirty Years War . As a result of the secularization under Napoleon at the beginning of the 19th century , the monastery buildings were sold for demolition in 1811 and some of them were demolished. The ruins of the Gothic monastery church, individual parts of the building and the abbess house have been preserved.
Building description
The baroque monastery church has essentially been preserved as a ruin from the monastery. It is a nave with tall lancet windows and a round apse . The outer walls are largely overgrown with ivy and Parthenocissus . The remainder of the building is now used as a venue. Parts of the cloister as well as the east and north wings and remains of the outer wall of another wing of the building have also been preserved from the monastery . The abbess house also exists as a rococo- style garden pavilion built in 1762 .
In 1925, buildings belonging to the Marienthal wine-growing domain in the style of monastic cloister buildings were added to the historical remains . This created an inner courtyard that is now used for gastronomy. Barrel vaults have been preserved from the historic buildings from the 12th century and now house a wine cellar . A grave vault was discovered below the cloister in 2012.
history
The founder of the monastery is Adolf I von Saffenberg, who resides in the neighboring Mayschoss on the Saffenburg . Like his father, he was Vogt of the Klosterrath Abbey in what is now the Netherlands. In 1136 he authorized the Augustinian monks there to build a monastery in the Hubachtal on the Ahr . The Hubach brook formed the eastern border between Saffenburg and Ahrweiler . At that time the valley was still wooded and uninhabited. After clearing work, the monastery was built there. In 1137 37 Augustinian women came from the Klosterrath mother house and moved into the monastery known as "Mariae vallis". The first mass was celebrated in 1138 and the monastery church was consecrated by Archbishop Arnold I of Cologne in 1141 . According to sparse references in the Klosterrath annals it is known that there were seven workshops, a distillery , a bakery and a guest house.
In 1259, the Archbishop of Cologne, Konrad von Hochstaden, freed the monastery from contributions to the city fortifications of Ahrweiler . In 1336 the Archbishop of Cologne limited the number of nuns to 40. Marienthal Monastery was a noble monastery, because the Augustinians came from the lower service aristocracy of the Counts of Are , Are-Hochstaden and Saffenburg. It was directed by an abbess known as Fraw Meistersche or Latin magistra for master. The names of the abbesses have been handed down since 1613. The Marienthal monastery was reformed in 1486 when sisters moved in from the Engeltal monastery in Bonn .
During the Thirty Years War, Swedish troops looted and damaged the monastery in 1632, and the monastery archives were lost. In 1646, towards the end of the war, this was done by French troops under Marshal Henri de Turenne . The reconstruction of the monastery complex began in 1699. After the French revolutionary troops occupied the left bank of the Rhine in 1794 , the nuns fled to Arienheller on the right bank of the Rhine . In 1802 the monastery was secularized by the French state and auctioned from 1803. The establishment of the monastery church was transferred to other monasteries and churches in the region. At that time, the monastery in Marienthal owned a mill, two gardens, three vineyards, some meadows and 15 acres of land in addition to the existing buildings. In Ahrweiler there were half an acre of vineyards, in Dernau and Mayschoss there were fields, meadows, a tree garden and shares in the grape harvest. In addition, the monastery leased numerous lands and farms in the area in exchange for natural produce. The monastery buildings were sold for demolition in 1811 and the stone material was used by the population for their own buildings.
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During the 19th century the owners of the monastery ruins changed several times. In 1910 an owner had a manor house built in the terrace garden , which later served as the administration building of the Ahr Valley Railway . From 1925, the former monastery was the Prussian state wine-growing domain in the Ahr wine-growing region , and its administration moved into newly constructed buildings. From 1952 it was the domain of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate and affiliated to the state teaching and research institute in Ahrweiler. In 2004 the state sold the property and the vineyards to four winegrowing companies from the region who jointly operate the Kloster Marienthal winery with 4.5 hectares of vineyards at the location .
Web links
- Monastery history in economic, social and traffic events in the Rhineland
- Jakob Rausch: Marienthal an der Ahr in the home yearbook of the Ahrweiler district , 1957
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bonner buys old monastery in Rhein-Zeitung from July 26, 2010
- ↑ Christine Schulze: The narrow crypt keeps its secret in General-Anzeiger from July 4, 2012
- ↑ Arnulf Krause: Marienthal Monastery - place of origin of one of the most beautiful medieval Marian songs? in the homeland yearbook of the Ahrweiler district , 1998
- ↑ Hans-Georg Klein: The auction of the French national goods in Ahrweiler and Marienthal in the homeland yearbook of the Ahrweiler district , 1995
- ^ Gerhard Kreuter: The Kurt Broicher era (1957-1970) in the Marienthal state domain in the homeland yearbook of the Ahrweiler district , 2007
- ↑ State viticulture domain becomes "Weingut Kloster Marienthal" in the home yearbook of the Ahrweiler district , 2005
Coordinates: 50 ° 32 '14 " N , 7 ° 3' 28.3" E