St. Jobst Monastery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
View from the St. Jobst memorial to the Königsheide

The St. Jobst Monastery was a monastery of the Franciscan Observants in the Principality of Bayreuth . It was located between Bayreuth and Goldkronach in the Archdiocese of Bamberg , existed between 1506 and the dissolution as a result of the Reformation in 1529 and belonged to the Saxon Franciscan Province ( Saxonia ).

location

Today the monastery grounds belong to the municipality of Bindlach in the Upper Franconian district of Bayreuth . It is on State Road 2163 between Dressendorf and Allersdorf . The area on the slope of the Bindlacher Berg borders on the Bayreuth airfield . Nothing of the monastery complex has been visibly preserved on site, but a memorial site was built to commemorate the historic religious place.

history

From 1430 there are first indications of a pilgrimage site with a miracle fountain. The Hussites are said to have destroyed the later rebuilt chapel on the Oschenberg . Preserved pages of a book of miracles in the Nuremberg State Archives report on the concerns of the pilgrims. The monastery consecrated to St. Jobst was founded in 1506 by the sovereign Friedrich II of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach . He received the papal concession to build a late Gothic church and initiated the settlement of the convent by twelve Franciscans from the monastery Hof . The monastery was consecrated in 1510 by the Auxiliary Bishop Caspar Breyl from Bamberg . As early as 1529, following the introduction of the Reformation under Margrave Georg the Pious , the convent was dissolved again in the course of secularization .

During the Second Margrave War , the monastery was destroyed and the demolition material in the area was rebuilt. This includes the construction of the cellar of the inn in Allersdorf in 1559. Also in the rectory of St. Johannis , hewn stones were used in 1564 and in 1568 for the school and church house there. In 1608, the cemetery wall in Nemmersdorf with a small church was built from stones from the monastery . At the end of the 18th century, the cartographer Johann Christoph Stierlein was able to draw and describe the dimensions of the church using the remains of the wall. In 1794 the library of the monastery, which had been kept in the Bayreuth chancellery library, was handed over to the University of Erlangen . The few recovered fragments of a ribbed vault were given to the Bayreuth City Museum. More recently, larger finds were given a worthy place during the construction of the St. Nepomuk Church in Laineck in 1963 : These are a column drum that serves as a base for the baptismal font, after a farmer had used it as an anvil stone for many years, and a fountain basin that had been used as a cattle trough.

Before the Historical Association for Upper Franconia carried out excavations on the site in 1888 and found the foundations of residential and auxiliary buildings as well as numerous shards, in 1823 farmer Wolfgang Feilner discovered a cellar vault while digging for building blocks. The fountain trough found there later came to the Laineck Church. In 1911 the farmer Heinrich Lutz also made finds such as coins and the lock of the missal, some of which he sold. The Bundeswehr had an ammunition bunker built on the former monastery site in 1975, which was in operation until 1994. During archaeological emergency excavations in 1975, the location of the monastery church could be determined. It was originally 42 meters long and 17 meters wide. In 2012, a memorial site was inaugurated in the immediate vicinity of the former church as part of an ecumenical service.

For research into the history of the monastery, Johann Ehmann (1908–1981) collected archives relating to the history of the monastery throughout his life and documented the excavation work in 1975. Pastor Karl Fischer (1923-2000) looked for the structural remains of the monastery and took care of the relics described during the construction of St. Nepomuk in Laineck. Professor Erwin Herrmann (1935–1986), chairman of the Historical Association of Upper Franconia, led the emergency excavation in 1975.

literature

  • Carl Walter Aign: The St. Jobst Monastery . In: Archives for history and antiquity of Upper Franconia . 23rd volume, 3rd issue. Bayreuth 1908. pp. 170-185. ( online )
  • Johann Ehmann: The pilgrimage site of St. Jobst . In: Archive for the history of Upper Franconia . 56th volume. Bayreuth 1976. pp. 75-88.
  • Ruprecht Konrad: The library of the former Franciscan monastery St. Jobst near Bayreuth . In: Archive for the history of Upper Franconia . 56th volume. Bayreuth 1976. pp. 89-120.
  • Dr. Hans Vollet and Kathrin Heckel: The ruins drawings by the Plassenburg cartographer Johann Christoph Stierlein . 1987.
  • Birgit Weber (Fichtelgebirge well-being region): The spring pilgrimage to St. Jobst near Bayreuth . Bayreuth 2013.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Weber, p. 9.
  2. ^ Weber, p. 10.
  3. ↑ Weber, p. 12f.

Coordinates: 49 ° 58 '52 "  N , 11 ° 39' 34.9"  E