Konstantin Petrovich von Kaufmann

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Konstantin Petrovich von Kaufmann

Konstantin Petrovich von Kaufmann ( Russian Константин Петрович (фон) Кауфман ; * February 19 July / March 3,  1818 greg. In Maidany near Dęblin ; † July 4, July 16  / May 16, 1882 greg. In Tashkent ) was a general of the Russian Army .

Von Kaufmann was the son of a Russian general from a Holstein family. After graduating from the Military Engineering University in Saint Petersburg in 1839, he served in the Caucasus from 1844 . In the Crimean War he was involved in the siege and capture of Kars in 1855 . In 1864 Kaufmann was promoted to General Adjutant , in 1865 he was appointed Governor General of the Northwest Region (Северо-Западный край) and Military Governor of Vilnius, and in 1867 he was appointed Military Governor of Turkestan .

As commander-in-chief of the Russian troops of the Turkestan military district, he led the fighting against the emirate of Bukhara (capture of Samarkand in 1868) and the khiva khiva (occupation of Khiva in 1873). Kaufmann signed treaties with the Khan of Khiva and the Emir of Bukhara , which gave Russia de facto control over the area around the Amu Darya. As a result, he was appointed general of the engineering troops in 1874.

In the years 1874–76, the uprising in the Kokand Khanate (capture of Kokand in 1875) was suppressed under von Kaufmann's command and its territory was annexed to the Russian Empire as part of the new Fergana Oblast. All Russian acquisitions in Central Asia were combined into a General Government of Turkestan , headed by Kaufmann. In the meantime, the Kuldscha region (today Gulja or Yining, part of the Uyghur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang ) was taken under him , but had to be returned to China in 1881 .

Konstantin Petrowitsch von Kaufmann died on July 4th . / May 16, 1882 greg. in Tashkent.

From 1871 to 1928, after Konstantin von Kaufmann, the highest peak of the Trans-Alai chain in the Pamir, later known as Lenin Peak, was called the Kaufmann peak.

In 1873 Eduard von Regel named the water lily tulip after him as Tulipa kaufmanniana.

literature

  • Ulrich Hofmeister: The Half Tsar of Turkestan: Konstantin fon-Kaufman in Turkestan, 1867-1882. In: Tim Buchen and Malte Rolf (eds.): Elites in the multi-ethnic empire: imperial biographies in Russia and Austria-Hungary ( 1850-1918 ) DeGruyter Oldenbourg, Berlin et al. 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-041602-2 , p. 65 -89

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Konstantin von, Russian General on retrobibliothek.de, accessed on May 30, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Kaufmann, Konstantin Petrovich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian general
DATE OF BIRTH March 3, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH Maidany near Dęblin
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1882
Place of death Tashkent