Cork trees
| Cork trees | ||||||||||||
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Amur cork tree ( Phellodendron amurense ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Phellodendron | ||||||||||||
| Rupr. |
The cork trees ( Phellodendron ) are a genus of plants within the diamond family (Rutaceae). There are only two species left in Southeast and East Asia. The cork is obtained from the cork oak , which is not a cork tree.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Cork tree species grow as deciduous trees. The name of the cork tree comes from its mostly very corky bark. The bast is colored intensely yellow. The winter buds are hidden in the base of the petioles.
The opposite arranged leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blade is pinnate unpaired and consists of 5 to 13 pinnate leaves . These leaflets are dotted with translucent glands and have an aromatic scent.
Generative characteristics
Cork tree species are dioecious separately sexed ( dioecious ). Flowers are grouped in terminal, paniculate inflorescences . The unisexual, relatively small flowers are yellowish-green in color and usually five-fold. The black stone fruits contain five single seeds.
use
Cork tree species have ring-pored wood . The valuable heartwood is used for carpentry work. Essential oils can be extracted from raffia, fruits and leaves .
Systematics
Genus Phellodendron was set up in 1857 by Franz Joseph Ruprecht in Bulletin de la Classe Physico-Mathématique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg , 15, 23-24, pp. 353-356. Type species is Phellodendron amurense Rupr.
There used to be up to ten species in the genus Phellodendron since Ma et al. In 2006 about two types are still accepted:
- Amur cork tree , also called Japanese cork tree ( Phellodendron amurense Rupr. , Syn .: Phellodendron amurense var. Sachalinense F.Schmidt , Phellodendron japonicum Maxim. , Phellodendron lavalleei Dode , Phellodendron sachalinense (F.Schmidt) Sarg. , Phellsonii wendron . ) It occurs in East Asia (China, Japan, Taiwan, Russia and Korea) and is planted in many other countries.
- Chinese cork tree ( Phellodendron chinense C.K.Schneid. , Syn .: Phellodendron chinense var. Glabriusculum C.K.Schneid. , Phellodendron sinense Dode ): It occurs in China in the provinces of Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Gansu, Jiangsu, Guangdong , Guizhou, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi before.
literature
- Peter Schütt , Hans Joachim Schuck, Bernd Stimm (eds.): Lexicon of tree and shrub species. The standard work of forest botany. Morphology, pathology, ecology and systematics of important tree and shrub species . Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-53-8 , pp. 333-334 (reprinted 1992).
- J.-S. Ma et al .: A revision of Phellodendron (Rutaceae). In: Edinburgh J. Bot. , Volume 63, 2006, pp. 131-151.
- Dianxiang Zhang , Thomas G. Hartley: Phellodendron , pp. 75-76 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (editors): Flora of China , Volume 11 - Oxalidaceae through Aceraceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, April 18, 2008, ISBN 978-1-930723-73-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Phellodendron at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed June 11, 2017.
- ↑ a b Phellodendron in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 11, 2017.
