Crane
| Crane | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Coordinates | 28 ° 58 ′ S , 30 ° 52 ′ E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | South Africa | ||
| KwaZulu-Natal | |||
| District | Umzinyathi | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | ZA-KZN | ||
| local community | Umvoti | ||
| Residents | 1514 (2011) | ||
| founding | 1894 | ||
Kranskop is a place in the center of the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal . The name is Afrikaans and means rock peak.
geography
The place is about 15 km south of the Tugela River. From the Tugelatal to the highest peak of the mountainous area around Kranskop, the difference in altitude is 700 meters. The rock Kranskop (or Ntunjambili ) is 1175 meters high. Kranskop itself is 1155 meters above sea level. In 2011, Kranskop had 1,514 inhabitants.
Hermannsburg is five kilometers southwest , and Greytown is around 30 kilometers west .
Kranskop is located in the UMzinyathi district and belongs to the Umvoti municipality .
history
The rock paintings around Kranskop suggest that the San have already settled here.
At the time when the Evangelical Lutheran Church was building a mission station and a school, the Zulu people settled in the area. In the early 1850s a group of eight missionaries and eight craftsmen under the direction of Osnabrück pastor Bergtheil built a settlement - today's Hermannsburg . They were sent from Germany by the Hermannsburg Mission . After trying unsuccessfully to gain a foothold in Ethiopia , they began to work with the Zulu. Over time, more and more German immigrants came to the area. To this day there is still a large proportion of German-speaking South Africans there. Louis Botha , the first Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa , attended school here.
Kranskop itself was founded in 1894 and was originally called Hopetown. However, this led to confusion with the place Hopetown in today's North Cape and was therefore renamed Kranskop in the course of the unification of the old Boer republic with the British provinces. The high rock formation nearby was the inspiration for the name.
During the Zulu War , the British built some forts in the Kranskop area; one of these was Fort Buckingham , of which residues can still be seen in a quarry near the town.
The Bambatha rebellion
In 1906 the Bambatha rebellion took place in the area around Kranskop. Cranskop judge AW Leslie attempted to collect taxes from local residents, but the Hlongwa tribe under ruler Mtamu refused to pay. The men were then thrown into jail and each received 25 lashes with the nine-tailed cat .
The next tribe to pay taxes were the Zondi under their chief Bhambatha ( Bhambatha ka Mancinza Zondi ); he also refused and made his men ready to fight. The Natal police were sent to resolve the conflict, but a fight broke out in which four police officers were killed and five others injured. It is not known whether there were also deaths on Bhambatha's side, but one Zulu warrior testified that many of them died without anyone winning.
As a result, the police force was increased to 240 men. Another confrontation took place on May 28, 1906, in which some men were again killed. A contingent of 500 police officers was sent from Johannesburg . In the ensuing battle near Nkandla , Bhambatha and several other rulers were killed. It is estimated that around 2,000 Zulu were killed.
Some historians see the Bhambatha rebellion as the beginning of a more intense resistance to oppression by the white minority. The Bhambatha rebellion was the last uprising of the indigenous peoples for a long time.
Culture and sights
In the area around Kranskop, rock paintings of the San can be seen. Arts and crafts are also available for sale. There are also some historical battlefields.
Buildings
- Hermannsburg Mission House Museum : The museum - a state monument - is housed in one of the buildings erected by the Lutheran mission around 1854.
- Hermannsburg Lutheran Church (Lutheran Church Hermannsburg): The church with its steep roof and bell tower was built in 1870 and is a state monument.
nature
There are hot springs around Kranskop, such as the Lilani Hot Springs .
Numerous animals can be seen in the game reserves in the area.
The Kranskop (rock)
The summit rock Kranskop is 1175 m high and overlooks the Tugela valley. It is also called Itshe Lika Ntunjambili ( IsiZulu for rock with two openings) or Ntunjambili for short .
During the Zulu War, Captain AM Montgomery was the first European to climb the Kranskop.
The rock formation of the Kranskop has a great influence in the Zulu legends and local folklore. There are tales of a forbidden cave and a hill that opens up and offers shelter from cannibals, only to close again and imprison those it attracted. Another similar story tells of young girls who no longer felt like fetching water from the river. They asked the mountain for a place to rest; he did them a favor by opening a large cave and luring them in with the noise of a feast. When they were inside the entrance closed. The girls were never seen again.
Sports
In the Kranskop area you can fish, golf, hike and hunt; there are also off-road routes for off-road driving.
Once a year there is a triathlon , the Mudman .
Personalities
- Nhlanhla Nene (* 1958), politician, born in Kranskop
Web links
- Travel information: Kranskop (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census , accessed November 17, 2013
- ↑ pmb-midlands.kzn.org.za ( English ) Retrieved in 2008.
- ↑ Kranskop at countryroads.co.za ( Memento from October 9, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (English)