Chocolate kiss
A chocolate kiss or foam kiss is a candy made of soft foam sugar , of a waffle trained with chocolate or compound coating is covered.
Designations
Mohrenkopf was also widespread in western Austria, Switzerland and Germany, and in Germany historically also Negerkuss . Another type of pastry is regionally known as “ Mohrenkopf ”. Chocolate kiss and (more rarely) foam kiss occur mainly in central-west and south-west Germany as well as in written German. In Austria the Swedish bombs from Niemetz have a degree of awareness of 94%. In Switzerland the terms Choco-Köpfli or Schoko-Köpfe are also used.
The terms "Negerkuss" and "Mohrenkopf" were increasingly avoided in the course of the 1970s to around the 1990s because of the racist connotation of the terms " Negro " and " Mohr " in official language. The terms are still used occasionally by the manufacturing companies or operations.
According to German, Austrian and Swiss food law, the designation Schokokuss (and similar names that refer to chocolate) is only permitted for products that are coated with real chocolate, not with a fat glaze.
Manufacturing
The manufacturing processes vary. The sugared protein foam , which is sometimes mixed with cocoa and / or rum flavor , is placed on a waffle and coated with couverture , with some products also with a fat glaze. In the past, the white foam was dipped into the coating compound, so that it formed a characteristic "tip" on the top before it was turned over. In modern manufacturing processes, the glaze is applied in a coating process.
variants
The chocolate kiss is available in many different types of chocolate. There are also other products that are sprinkled with desiccated coconut , brittle crumble or almonds after coating .
A form of consumption that is particularly popular with school children is the mud roll or the Mohrenkopfweck, in which a chocolate kiss is crushed between two halves of the roll. In order to promote a healthier diet, sales were prohibited in the vicinity of individual schools, which in some cases led to student protests.
At community celebrations and children's birthday parties, chocolate-kissing machines are sometimes used, which are mostly self-made. A trigger must be hit with a ball. When hit, a spring or a spring-loaded limb hurls a chocolate kiss in the direction of the thrower. He then has to catch it with his hand or mouth.
distribution
In Germany around 1 billion chocolate kisses are consumed every year. The chocolate kiss is also widespread internationally. In Israel the chocolate kiss is known as Krembo, in Denmark as Flødebolle and in the Netherlands as Negerzoen .
history
The first chocolate kisses are said to have been made in Denmark around 1800. In the 19th century, French pastry shops created “ Tête de nègre ”, in German “Negro head”, made from a meringue-like mass and a chocolate icing . At the beginning of the 20th century they were also available in German pastry shops .
1920 Mayer Junior started in Bremen with the production of this specialty in Germany and manufactures them today in small batches. In 1930 Edmund Niemetz's confectionery, founded in Linz, became the Walter Niemetz confectionery factory in 1930. The Swedish bomb was developed here in 1926, named after an employee from Sweden.
In the 1940s, the Köhler company produced a variant of the chocolate kiss, Köhler's Wunder-Mohren-Tüte. They were croissants filled with charcoal kisses, and there were little surprises hidden in the waffle. The first chocolate kisses in the GDR were made by VEB Grabower Dauerbackwaren, which now operates as Grabower Süsswaren . Mass production in Germany began around 1950.
Nutritional value
A large chocolate kiss (manufacturer 's information on Super Dickmann’s ) weighs 28 g and contains 3.0 g fat, 0.8 g protein and 18.8 g carbohydrates. The calorific value per serving (1 piece) is 444 kJ (106 kcal), corresponding to 1.8 KHE or 1.5 BE .
Nutritional information of a chocolate kiss in tabular form:
| per 100 grams | per serving (28 grams) | |
|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrates (g) | 67.1 | 18.8 |
| Fat (g) | 10.7 | 3.0 |
| Protein (g) | 2.9 | 0.8 |
| Calorific value (kJ) | 1585.7 | 444 |
Web links
- Chocolate kiss in the database of Swiss culinary heritage
- Video on how to make chocolate kisses
Individual evidence
- ↑ Applied to the foam biscuits, the term “Negerkuss” is said to have been known since the 1950s, but for a biscuit ball it was encyclopedically recorded as early as 1934 (Große Herder, Vol. 8, Sp. 540, keyword Mohrenkopf ). For example Jürgen Eichhoff: On some geographical differences in the use of words in the German language that arose in the 20th century , In: Sprache und Customs. Festschrift Martin , 1980, pp. 170-173
- ^ Ulrich Ammon, Regula Nyffenegger: Variant Dictionary of German. The standard language in Austria, Switzerland and Germany as well as in Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, East Belgium and South Tyrol . Walter de Gruyter, 2004.
- ↑ The Sweden bomb still has a lot of potential for the chairman of the supervisory board. , P. 192
- ↑ The Perrier “Choco-Köpfli” won first prize in the Swiss Marketing Trophy. In: Press portal, January 17, 2001, accessed on July 26, 2020
- ↑ a b Villars Maître Chocolatier SA Entry in the brand lexicon on markenlandschaft.ch, accessed on July 26, 2020
- ↑ This is what other manufacturers call the “Mohrenköpf” In: nau.ch, June 12, 2020
- ^ Dubler Mohrenköpfe of Robert Dubler AG in Waltenschwil, Switzerland
- ↑ Othmar Richterichs Mohrenköpf in Laufen, Switzerland
- ↑ M. Mahler: Chocolate croissants & Co. - Everything chocolate? Identification of chocolate-like coatings and fillings. Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Karlsruhe, February 29, 2012, accessed on April 1, 2014 .
- ↑ Austrian Food Book, Codex Chapter B 15 - Cocoa and chocolate products, foods with cocoa products or chocolates, Section 3.4.7 ( online )
- ↑ Content analysis for baked goods with a filling or coating made of chocolate. (PDF, 1 MB) In: Annual Report 2006. Cantonal Laboratory Zurich, p. 75 , archived from the original on June 12, 2018 ; accessed on July 26, 2020 .
- ↑ Chocolate kiss rolls versus cereal patties ?: School cafes and healthy eating; Documentation of an exchange of experiences . Consumer advice center Hessen, 1994
- ↑ Wolfgang Horch: The fight for the Negerkussbrötchen. In: Hamburger Abendblatt . June 23, 2009. Retrieved July 21, 2016 .
- ↑ Instructions for a throwing machine (PDF; 5 MB)
- ↑ Dreams are foams . Der Tagesspiegel, October 30, 2011
- ↑ Israelis consume 50 million 'krembos' every year. In: The Jerusalem Post . October 15, 2007, accessed July 21, 2016 .