Crispinus and Crispinianus
Crispinus and Crispinianus (* in Rome ; † around 287 in Augusta Suessionum , today Soissons ) were Christian martyrs .
Legend
The two sons of a wealthy, respected Roman family, Crispin (us) and his brother Crispinianus, came to Augusta Suessionum ( Gallia Belgica ) to spread the Christian faith there. They worked as shoemakers , which earned them enough to support themselves and at the same time donate to the poor. Emperor Diocletian's persecution of Christians was also implemented here, under the control of his co-emperor Maximian . The two brothers were brought to Maximian, who tried by promises and threats to dissuade them from their belief, which he did not succeed. Therefore he handed them over to the prefect Rictiovarus, who was known to be a particularly cruel persecutor of Christians. He had awls stuck under their fingernails, poured liquid lead over them, and threw them into the fire and into ice-cold water. Since it was not possible to drown them weighted down with a millstone, they were beheaded.
Adoration
The feast day of the two martyrs is October 25th . Her bones were transferred to Soissons, some relics were transferred to the Osnabrück Cathedral in the 9th century ; hence they are the patrons of these two cities. In 570 King Sigibert I transferred some of the relics from Soissons to Lisdorf near Saarlouis , where they were walled up in the altar table of the parish church of Saints Crispinus and Crispinianus . Because of their activity handed down by the legend, Crispinus and Crispinianus are the patrons of shoemakers, saddlers and tanners . As attributes they carry sword , palm and millstone as martyrs and shoe , shoemaker's knife, awl or pliers as marks of their profession. Arm reliquaries of the two saints can be found in the Osnabrück Cathedral Treasury (early 12th century).
literature
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz : CRISPINUS and CRISPINIANUS, martyrs, saints. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 1160–1161.
- Martina Junghans: The arm reliquaries in Germany from the 11th to the middle of the 13th century , Dissertation Bonn 2002, cat. 6/7.
- Ingeborg Güssow: The Crispinus and Crispinianus shrines in the Osnabrück cathedral treasure . Munich 1971.
- Wrede: Crispinus and Crispinianus . In: Concise dictionary of German superstition . Vol. 2, De Gruyter, Berlin 1929/1930, Col. 110f. ( Online version on Google Book Search )
See also
- Battle of Azincourt on October 25, 1415
- St. Crispins Day Speech from the drama Heinrich V.
Web links
- Entry in the Catholic Encyclopedia , Robert Appleton Company, New York 1913.