White mangrove
White mangrove | ||||||||||||
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White Mangrove ( Laguncularia racemosa ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
Laguncularia | ||||||||||||
CFGaertn. | ||||||||||||
Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
Laguncularia racemosa | ||||||||||||
( L. ) CFGaertn. |
The white mangrove ( Laguncularia racemosa ) is the only species of the Laguncularia plant genus within the winged family (Combretaceae). Laguncularia racemosa grows as a mangrove tree in coastal areas of the tropics and subtropics of West Africa , North and South America . The common name "white mangrove" is also used for a species of the genus Avicennia .
description
Appearance and leaf
Laguncularia racemosa grows as a tree or shrub . Younger plants have a smooth bark , older plants have a cracked bark . The root system occasionally forms pneumatophores (respiratory roots that grow vertically upwards).
The opposite arranged leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole has a pair of glands; the glands secrete a nectar-like substance. Further, microscopic (salt -?) Glands are found on the leaf blade. The simple, elliptical, entire leaf blade has a rounded or edged upper end; in the bud position it is rolled inwards. Stomata are on both sides of the leaf blade.
Inflorescence, flower and fruit
The flowers are mostly hermaphroditic , occasionally there are purely male flowers in the inflorescences. Sometimes Laguncularia racemosa is andromonözisch , rarely dioeciously separated ( dioecious ). The annual inflorescences are terminal or lateral. The relatively small, hermaphroditic or unisexual flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The flowers are each over two bracts , which are slightly overgrown below the cup-shaped flower cup (hypanthium). There is only a short piece of the flower cup above the overgrown bracts. The male flowers are about 2 millimeters and female and hermaphrodite flowers are up to 6.5 millimeters high. There are five sepals . The five petals are short. The ten stamens are at most as long as the corolla. Staminodes are present in female flowers . The ovary contains two ovules . The stylus is short.
The fruit has a length of 12 to 20 millimeters and a diameter of 4 to 10 millimeters. The lonely fruit germinates soon after it is shed.
Systematics
It was first published in 1759 under the name ( Basionym ) Conocarpus racemosus by Carl von Linné in Systema Naturae , Editio Decima, 2, p. 930. The new combination to Laguncularia racemosa (L.) CFGaertn. was published in 1807 by Carl Friedrich von Gaertner in Supplementum Carpologiae , p. 209, plate 217, fig. 3 published and the genus Laguncularia C.F.Gaertn. set up. Other synonyms for Laguncularia racemosa (L.) CFGaertn. are: Laguncularia obovata Miq. , Rhizaeris alba Raf. , Schousboea commutata Spreng.
Laguncularia racemosa is the only species and type species of the genus Laguncularia from the tribe Laguncularieae in the subfamily Combretoideae within the family Combretaceae . Some authors also write of a second kind.
swell
- Laguncularia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 15, 2014.
literature
- PB Tomlinson: The Botany of Mangroves , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1986, 419 pages. ISBN 0-521-46675-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g PB Tomlinson: The Botany of Mangroves , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1986, 419 pages. ISBN 0-521-46675-X
- ↑ a b c d e f g Laguncularia at Tropicos.org. In: Flora Mesoamericana . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 15, 2014.
- ↑ First publication scanned at botanicus.org .
- ^ A b Laguncularia racemosa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
- ↑ Laguncularia racemosa at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 14, 2014.
- ^ Laguncularia at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Panama (WFO) . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 15, 2014.
Web links
- Laguncularia racemosa inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: Laguncularia racemosa, 2007. Retrieved September 7, 2013.