Lammbach (Lake Brienz)

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Lammbach
Data
Water code CH : 1856
location Western alps

Switzerland

River system Rhine
Drain over Aare  → Rhine  → North Sea
source Lammbach Gorge above Brienz
46 ° 46 ′ 54 ″  N , 8 ° 4 ′ 4 ″  E
Source height approx.  1638  m above sea level M.
muzzle in Schwanden near Brienz in the Brienzersee Coordinates: 46 ° 45 '3 "  N , 8 ° 2' 49"  E ; CH1903:  646 487  /  177909 46 ° 45 '3 "  N , 8 ° 2' 49"  O
Mouth height approx.  564  m
Height difference approx. 1074 m
Bottom slope approx. 23%
length 4.6 km
Catchment area 6.52 km²
Drain
at the mouth 		MQ
 260 l / s
Right tributaries Schwanderbach

The Lammbach is a four and a half kilometer long torrent in Schwanden near Brienz and is the right tributary of Lake Brienz . It rises in a gorge above Brienz.

geography

course

The Lammbach rises in the so-called Lammbachschlucht above Brienz. This was created in the middle of a mountain by large rock breaks and became very deep over time.

The stream overcomes a large difference in altitude in the gorge. It flows through several thresholds and flood barriers until it finally leaves the gorge and flows through the Brienzer Forest over the municipal areas of Hofstetten and Brienz. Shortly before it flows into Lake Brienz, it takes in the Schwanderbach, which is almost the same size .

Finally, near the camping site, it flows into Lake Brienz with a delta.

Its 4.6 km long run ends about 1074 meters below its source, so it has an average bed gradient of 23%.

Catchment area

The 6.52 km² catchment area of ​​the Lammbach lies in the Bernese Alps and is drained via the Aare and the Rhine to the North Sea.

The mean height is 1334  m above sea level. M. , the minimum height is 564  m above sea level. M. and the maximum height at 2341  m above sea level. M.

The catchment area consists of 48.9% wooded area , 10.0% agricultural area , 4.3% settlement area , 1.5% water area and 35.4% unproductive areas.

Area distribution

Tributaries

Hydrology

At the point where the Lammbach flows into the Aare, its modeled mean flow rate (MQ) is 260 l / s. Its discharge regime type is nivo-pluvial préalpin and its discharge variability is 20.

The modeled monthly mean discharge (MQ) of the Lammbach in l / s

Floods and dangers

The Lammbach is one of the most dangerous torrents in Switzerland. It rises from an area that consists only of rocks and rubble, similar to the Glyssibach . Unlike this one, heavy rainfall could lead to a rock fall, which could transport a huge amount of debris towards the valley and trigger a huge debris flow. This would cause massive damage in Hofstetten near Brienz and in Brienz. Geologists have been dealing with this topic for decades, and numerous protective measures have been taken.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Geoserver of the Swiss Federal Administration ( information )
  2. ↑ Geoportal of the Canton of Bern
  3. ↑ a b c Topographical catchment areas of the Swiss waters: Lammbach
  4. ↑ "Hidden behind the mean values" - the variability of the discharge regime , p. 7
  5. ↑ The discharge variability describes the extent of the fluctuations in the mean discharge of individual years around the long-term mean discharge value.