Garden art
Under garden design refers to the artistic and landscape architectural planning and design limited private or public spaces by plants , roads , embankments, macrolevellings architectural elements , fountains , flowers Rondelle or sculptures . The type of design goes beyond the mere utilization of landscape and garden and is an expression of a certain style of aesthetics , art , culture and architecture of an era .
Garden art is the forerunner of garden or landscape architecture , in which scientific and technical aspects are in the foreground. The reputation of gardening as an art form reached its peak in the Baroque period . The parks of Vaux-le-Vicomte and Versailles Palace, for example, were designed in accordance with the current baroque ideals of society, landscape and nature.
Usually parks and gardens created for representation purposes are counted as garden art. In principle, however, a private pleasure or kitchen garden can also be a work of art .
Land Art , on the other hand, is mostly found outside of demarcated gardens.
history
Aesthetically consciously designed green and open spaces have been proven in cities and in connection with country estates since ancient times .
In ancient Egypt at least 5000 years ago there were extensive temple gardens around the pyramids , tombs and temples, because in addition to food and drink, plants and flowers were also sacrificed in honor of the dead and the gods.
A well-known example of ancient garden art are the legendary Hanging Gardens of the Semiramis in Mesopotamia, one of the seven wonders of the world . Also Persian gardens are based on a more ancient than 3,000 years of tradition, which is typical of Iran and neighboring regions; The same is true of garden art in China and Japanese gardens .
Since around 1720, under the influence of the latter East Asian and Chinese gardens and as a deliberate contrast to the French baroque garden, the English landscape garden was created , which is characterized by its naturalness and thus stands in stark contrast to the strict and tectonic- geometric baroque garden.
literature
- Hans von Trotha : garden art. In search of paradise lost . Quadriga, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-86995-045-7 .
- Gabriele Uerscheln: Masterpieces of garden art. Reclam, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-15-010594-3 .
- Gabriele Uerscheln (Hrsg.): Museum for European garden art. Foundation Schloss und Park Benrath Düsseldorf, Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern-Ruit 2005, ISBN 3-7757-1610-6 .
- Gabriele Uerscheln, Michaela Kalusok: Dictionary of European garden art. 3. Edition. Reclam, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-15-018656-5 .
