Mountain pine oil
Mountain pine oil is the essential oil that is obtained from fresh needles and branch tips of mountain pine by means of steam distillation.
Properties and composition
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Mountain pine oil from Pinus mugo Turra var. Pumilio |
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| CAS number |
90082-73-8 |
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| EC number |
290-164-1 |
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The clear, colorless to yellowish oil has a strong, balsamic odor. It contains up to 35 percent 3-carene , about 20 percent pinene , camphene (1–2%), limonene (approx. 5%), myrcene (approx. 5%), terpinolene , anisaldehyde , numerous oxygen-containing monoterpenes, including bornyl acetate ( approx. 2-4%), which together with (-) - bornyl formate (approx. 10%) is the main carrier of the typical odor.
history
The pharmacist Mathias Mack is considered the discoverer of mountain pine oil . He was instrumental in turning Bad Reichenhall into a health resort from the middle of the 19th century. He ran the spa pharmacy there and was the first to offer guided hikes in the area for holiday guests. These led, among others, to the Untersberg and the Reiter Alpe , where Mack probably got the idea to use the mountain pine, which is rich in oil, as a cure and remedy. It was first obtained by distillation in 1856, but it took until 1861 for the pharmacist's first mountain pine products to be used as baths. The first treatments were offered in the neighboring pool in Kirchberg . Mack's son Josef continued the pharmacy and founded Josef Mack GmbH & Co. KG , which still markets products made from mountain pine oil.
use
Mountain pine oil is used in pharmaceutical preparations (cream, rub, inhalation ) for external use against catarrh of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The risk of side effects seems to be lower with the use of mountain pine oil than with the otherwise very similar turpentine oil - probably because of the lower content of pinenes . The concentrated essential oil is very irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. It must not be used in asthma and whooping cough, as otherwise bronchial spasms may increase. The Commission E recommends pine oil, the mixture of Latschenkiefern- and other pine oils, for internal and external use in catarrhal diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract and exclusively externally for rheumatic and neuralgic problems. It can also be used for sauna infusions .
literature
- Johanna Graßmann, Renate Spitzenberger, Susanne Hippeli, Renate Vollmann, Erich F. Elstner: Essential oils from mountain pine. In: Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau 55 (3). 2005, ISSN 0028-1050 , pp. 127-133
- Phytokodex: Herbal medicinal specialties in Austria . Edition 2001/2002, Vienna, ISBN 3-85200-118-8 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Data sheet mountain pine oil from Sanabio , accessed on April 24, 2017.
- ↑ Wolfgang Kubelka, Reinhard Länger: Phytokodex . Mountain pine oil
- ↑ a b c Johannes Lang : The pharmacist from Reichenhall in the home sheets of August 13, 2011, supplement of the Reichenhaller Tagblatt
- ↑ Johannes Lang: Wellness trends “made in” Bad Reichenhall , Heimatblätter from July 21, 2007, supplement to the Reichenhaller Tagblatt
- ↑ Hans Irion: chemicals, drugs, important physical concepts in lexical order A-K . Springer-Verlag, 1955, ISBN 978-3-642-49796-4 , p. 463 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ R. Hansel, H. Haas: Therapy with phytopharmaceuticals, corrected reprint . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-96696-5 , pp. 115 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Ernst Steinegger, Rudolf Hansel: Textbook of General Pharmacognosie . Springer-Verlag, 1963, ISBN 978-3-662-28499-5 , p. 429 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- Jump up ↑ Pharmacy: Mountain Pine - Medicinal Plant Lexicon | Apotheken Umschau , accessed on November 12, 2018
- ↑ PTA-Forum online: Latschenkiefer: PTA-Forum online: Latschenkiefer , accessed on November 12, 2018