Lazare Isidore
Lazare Isidor (born July 13, 1813 in Lixheim , Lorraine ; died September 16, 1888 in Montmorency ) was the Grand Rabbi of France from 1867 until his death . He became known as the initiator of a new French translation of the Bible and because he and Adolphe Crémieux brought about the abolition of the Jewish oath in France.
Live and act
Lazare Isidor was born in Lixheim in 1813, which at that time belonged to the Meurthe department . He came from an Alsatian rabbi family. In 1829 he took up studies at the rabbinical seminary in Metz , which later moved to Paris and became the Séminaire israélite de France . In 1838 he was appointed Rabbi of Phalsbourg , in 1847 Rabbi of Paris and finally in 1867 Grand Rabbi of France, succeeding the late Salomon Ulmann (1806–1865).
When in 1838 a member of the Jewish community of Saverne was supposed to take an oath to the Jews in the Phalsbourg synagogue by order of the Sarrebourg District Court , Isidor, the acting rabbi, refused to open the synagogue for this purpose. He was charged for this and successfully defended by the lawyer Adolphe Crémieux. In his plea, the latter described the degrading practice of the oath more judaico as unconstitutional, whereupon this was abolished by a judgment of the Court of Cassation .
From 1876 onwards, Isidore had a new French translation of the Jewish Bible made, which was published from 1899 to 1906 under the supervision of his successor Zadoc Kahn as the Rabbinate Bible ("Bible du Rabbinat").
In his rabbinical function, Isidore opposed the aspirations of Reform Judaism . At the same time he strived to improve the liturgy and asked the district rabbis to reduce the number of piyyutim (religious poems) in worship. He also sought a assimilation of Algerian Jews in 1870 by the provisions of Décret Crémieux the French citizenship had gained.
In 1859 he was made a Knight of the Legion of Honor and promoted to an officer in 1878. He died in 1888 and was buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery.
Individual evidence
- ^ Phyllis Cohen Albert, Frances Malino: Essays in Modern Jewish History: A Tribute to Ben Halpern. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. London and Toronto, 1982. p. 132. Partial online view
literature
- Encyclopedia Judaica , 1st to 3rd edition: Article Isidor, Lazare
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Isidore, Lazare |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Grand Rabbi of France |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 13, 1813 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lixheim , Lorraine , France |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 16, 1888 |
| Place of death | Montmorency (Val-d'Oise) |