Phalsbourg Jewish community

A Jewish community in Phalsbourg in the Moselle department in the French region of Lorraine existed since the 17th century.

history

Under King Louis XIV between 1680 and 1691, two Jewish families were allowed to settle in Phalsbourg. In 1702 there were four families, eight in 1747 and twelve in 1770.

From 1807 to 1920 Phalsbourg was the seat of a rabbinate , which was also responsible for the following Jewish communities: Bourscheid , Lixheim , Metting , Mittelbronn , Sarrebourg and Schalbach . The Jewish community of Phalsbourg belonged to the Israelite consistorial district of Nancy from 1808 to 1871 , then to the consistorial district of Metz . From 1837 to 1847 Lazare Isidor , who later became the Grand Rabbi of France, was rabbi in Phalsbourg, and in 1839, with the support of the lawyer and politician Adolphe Crémieux , brought about the abolition of the Jewish oath .

National Socialist Persecution

During the Second World War , nine parishioners were deported and murdered as part of the Wagner-Bürckel Campaign , which extended to Baden and the Saar-Palatinate as well as Alsace and Lorraine .

Community development

year	Parishioners
1702	4 families
1747	8 families
1770	12 families
1880	159 people
1931	89 people
1970	48 people

synagogue

Synagogue In Phalsbourg

The synagogue was built in 1772 and, after its reconstruction, was consecrated again on September 10, 1857. Today the minyan is no longer established due to a lack of members.

graveyard

The Jewish cemetery was established in 1796.

rabbi

See also: Rabbinate (Phalsbourg)

• From 1822 to 1837 Mayer Heymann
• From 1837 to 1847 Lazare Isidor , who later became the Grand Rabbi of France

Personalities

The following well-known Jewish personalities come from Phalsbourg:

• The Calman-Lévy brothers , publishers
• The Weill et Lazard families , bankers
• Mathilde Salomon , the first woman with the Knight's Cross of the d'Légion Honneur was awarded

literature

• Henry Schumann: Mémoire des communautés juives de Moselle . Éditions Serpenoise, Metz 1999, ISBN 2-87692-430-7 .
• Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 3: Ochtrup - Zwittau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08079-6 ( online edition ).

Web links

• On the history of the Jewish community (French text)