Lecanicillium
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| Lecanicillium | ||||||||||||
| W. Gams & Zare (2001) |
Lecanicillium is a genus of sac fungi in the Cordycipitaceae family . The species are pathogens of insects.
description
The species of the genus Lecanicillium form slender, aculeate (prickly) phialides , which protrude individually or in whorls from protruding above-ground hyphae . The conidia are usually formed at the tip of the phialides and grouped into heads or fascicles . The morphological differentiation from the genus Simplicillium is difficult, although its species produce more or less isolated phialids.
Taxonomy
The currently up to 21 to 30 species of the genus Lecanicillium have been described as anamorphic . The teleomorphs are summarized in the genera Cordyceps and Torrubiella .
The genus was first described by Rasoul Zare from the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP) in Tehran and Walter Gams from Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) in the Netherlands during a revision of the genus Verticillium by removing the entomopathogenic (insect-infecting) species from the Genus Verticillium were detached and combined as a separate genus.
The type species is Lecanicillium lecanii (Zimm.) Zare & W. Gams (2001).
Systematics
The Fungorum Index lists the following species and varieties :
- Lecanicillium acerosum W. Gams, HC Evans & Zare 2001
- Lecanicillium antillanum (RF Castañeda & GRW Arnold) Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium aphanocladii Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium aranearum (Petch) Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium araneicola Sukarno & Kurihara 2009
- Lecanicillium araneogenum Wan H. Chen, YF Han, JD Liang, ZQ Liang & DC Jin 2017
- Lecanicillium attenuatum Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium cauligalbarum X. Zou, JR Zhi & YM Zhou 2018
- Lecanicillium coprophilum Lei Su, Hua Zhu & C. Qin 2018
- Lecanicillium dimorphum (JD Chen) Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium evansii Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium flavidum (W. Gams & Zaayen) W. Gams & Zare 2008
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Lecanicillium fungicola (Preuss) Zare & W. Gams 2008
- Lecanicillium fungicola var. Aleophilum (W. Gams & Zaayen) W. Gams & Zare 2008
- Lecanicillium fungicola var. Fungicola (Preuss) Zare & W. Gams 2008
- Lecanicillium fusisporum (W. Gams) Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium kalimantanense Kurihara & Sukarno 2009
- Lecanicillium lecanii (Zimm.) Zare & W. Gams 2001 - Pathogens of soft-skinned insects ( scallop insects)
- Lecanicillium longisporum (Petch) Zare & W. Gams 2001 - pathogens of aphids
- Lecanicillium muscarium (Petch) Zare & W. Gams 2001 - Pathogens of whiteflies and fringed winged insects
- Lecanicillium nodulosum (Petch) Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium pissodis Kope & I. Leal 2006
- Lecanicillium primulinum Kaifuchi, Nonaka & Masuma 2013
- Lecanicillium psalliotae (Treschew) Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium restrictum Hubka, Kubátová, Nonaka, Čmoková & Řehulka 2018
- Lecanicillium sabanense Chir.-Salom., S. Restrepo & TI Sanjuan 2015
- Lecanicillium saksenae (Kushwaha) Kurihara & Sukarno 2009
- Lecanicillium subprimulinum SK Huang & KD Hyde 2018
- Lecanicillium tenuipes (Petch) Zare & W. Gams 2001
- Lecanicillium testudineum Hubka, Kubátová, Schauflerová, Déniel & Jany 2018
- Lecanicillium uredinophilum MJ Park, SB Hong & HD Shin 2016
- Lecanicillium wallacei (HC Evans) HC Evans & Zare 2008
use
At least 15 biopesticides developed from Lecanicillium species are commercially available or in the process of being marketed. They are used against a number of diseases around the world.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b R. Zare, W. Gams: A revision of Verticillium sect. Prostate . III. Generic classification . In: Nova Hedwigia . 72, No. 3-4, 2001, pp. 329-337.
- ^ R. Zare, W. Gams: A revision of Verticillium section Prostrata. IV. The genera Lecanicillium and Simplicillium gen. Nov. . In: Nova Hedwigia . 73, No. 1/2, 2001, pp. 1-50.
- ^ A b P. M. Kirk, PF Cannon, DW Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi , 10th edition, CABI, Wallingford 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 .
- ↑ a b Lecanicillium . In: Index Fungorum . Retrieved on September 6, 2019: "Search by Name"
- ↑ Gi-Ho Sung, Nigel L. Hywel-Jones, Jae-Mo Sung, J. Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Bhushan Shrestha, Joseph W. Spatafora: Phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous fungi . In: Stud. Mycol. . 57, 2007, pp. 5-59. doi : 10.3114 / sim.2007.57.01 .
- ↑ Lecanicillium W. Gams & Zare, Nova Hedwigia 72 (3-4): 332 (2001) . In: Index Fungorum . Retrieved September 6, 2019: "Record Details"
- ↑ MR de Faria, SP Wraight: Mycoinsecticides and mycoacaricides: a comprehensive list with worldwide coverage and international classification of formulation types . In: Biological Control . 43, No. 3, 2007, pp. 237-256. doi : 10.1016 / j.biocontrol.2007.08.001 .