Leeberg (Pettendorf)
The Leeberg of Pettendorf in the market town house passing in the district Korneuburg in Lower Austria is a conservation standing mound grave (Latin tumulus , plural tumuli ). The word Leeberg means hill of the dead and denotes a burial place. There are Leeberge in several places in the Weinviertel, the most important at 16 m in height is in Großmugl . According to more recent archaeological findings, the Hallstatt culture (850 to 450 BC) or the subsequent Latène period is assumed to be the period of establishment .
Late Neolithic (around 2800 BC) settlement objects were also found in the vicinity of the “Leeberg” . Such finds received too little attention in previous years and no targeted excavations were carried out. The "Leeberg" from Pettendorf is a 10 m high truncated cone with a platform formed in the Middle Ages with a diameter of about 25 m.
Remodeling in the Middle Ages
The Leeberg of Pettendorf, which is round in plan, is at an altitude of 219 m above sea level. A. and rises about 34 m above the village Gaisruck below and about 10 m above the northern fields. The tumulus was filled in during the Hallstatt culture and has not yet been scientifically opened. On the truncated cone is a platform formed in the Middle Ages. During this time it was used as a control room or " local mountain ". Partial excavations in the 1980s under Ernst Lauermann showed that the tumulus was flattened around this time and a circular surface measuring approx. 25 m in diameter was created, which served as an observation and defense facility.
The Leeberg as a local mountain
Presumably the Pettendorfer Leeberg was remodeled by Friedrich von Pettendorf (approx. 1070–1121), who is recorded in 1108 as Bamberg's "miles" ( Latin soldier; here: vassal) and who was married to Heilica von Staufen. Heilica (approx. 1090–1112) was a daughter of Agnes von Waiblingen ( 1072–24 September 1143) from her first marriage to Friedrich von Staufen . Agnes married Leopold III in 1106 . from the Babenberg family . In the Middle Ages, children from previous marriages were integrated into the general union of the new family and so it is obvious in the course of the marriage of Agnes and Leopold that the then 17-year-old daughter Heilica with her 37-year-old husband Friedrich von Pettendorf on the occasion of the marriage and their entourage moved to the homeland of the Babenbergs. At that time Leopold ruled - after his father Leopold II - from 1095 in Gars am Kamp and from 1113 in Klosterneuburg . The transfer of the Babenbergs' residence from the Waldviertel to the Vienna Woods therefore took place at this time. Since the Danube crossing posed a great risk, the tumulus on the Wagramkante with its excellent view offered itself as a lookout point and a so-called local mountain. So it stands to reason that Leopold, his 40-year-old step-son-in-law and his entourage, assigned the task of securing the Danube at this point.
From Gars to Pettendorf it is approx. 40 km and from Pettendorf to Klosterneuburg, over the Danube crossing Tulln and along the Danube approx. 36 km. So the Leeberg is roughly in the middle of this path. This assumption is also supported by the mill located approx. 350 meters away (later Trabauermühle). A mill that was used for supply can always be found near a so-called local mountain. The layout of a village in the typical shape of a round village (which was often used by Baierischen / Franconian farmers) at a distance of about 550 meters suggests a connection. After the seat of government moved to Klosterneuburg, this relocation station and its strategic task soon lost its importance and was forgotten. However, the name Pettendorf has remained .
The Leeberg as part of the Hausleitner adventure trail "Culture connects"
The Leeberg von Pettendorf was redesigned as part of the establishment of the Hausleitner Erlebnisweg 2014. A circle of boulders was erected on the plateau of the hill , on which panels show what can be seen in each direction. There is also a Viscope panorama telescope with a 360-degree view. With this new technology, there is no image enlargement, hence a large field of view in which the names of selected places and mountains in the near and far surroundings are displayed directly. The panorama extends from Michelberg over the Wiener Pforte , the Vienna Woods , the Lower Limestone Alps and Tulln to the Wachau and the Schmidatal . A large fire bowl was set up in the middle of the circle. A Catholic solstice fire is burned there on Friday before or after St. John's Day and the priest blesses the place and the hallway. A newly built steel staircase enables visitors to climb the Leeberg, and a seating group invites them to linger.
Individual evidence
- ^ Bundesdenkmalamt : Dehio Niederösterreich north of the Danube , Vienna 1990, ISBN 3-7031-0652-2
- ^ Ernst Lauermann, head of the Museum of Prehistory in Asparn an der Zaya . Ernst Lauermann: The Hallstatt period in the Stockerau judicial district. 3rd edition Stockerau: AVIS, 1989.
- ↑ Alois Schmid, The Lords of Pettendorf - Lengenfeld - Hopfenohe, in: Hochmittelalterliche Adelsfamilien 2005, pp. 319-340
- ↑ Headquarters, naming and ancestry of the gentlemen of Pettendorf
- ↑ Ohler, Norbert: Reisen im Mittelalter, Munich 1991. And Reichert, Folker: Experience of the world. Traveling and cultural encounters in the late Middle Ages, Stuttgart 2001
- ↑ http://www.erlebnisweg-hausleiten.at/ "Culture connects"
- ↑ Viscope panorama telescope
Coordinates: 48 ° 23 '57.7 " N , 16 ° 3' 34.3" E