Lelang headquarters
| Chinese name | |
|---|---|
| Traditional : | 樂 浪 郡 |
| Simplified : | 乐 浪 郡 |
| Pinyin : | Lèlàng Jùn |
| Wade-Giles : | Lê-lang Chün |
| Korean name | |
| korean alphabet : | 낙랑군 / 락 랑군 |
| Chinese characters : | 樂 浪 郡 |
| Revised Romanization : | Nangnang-gun / Rangnang-gun |
| McCune-Reischauer : | Nangnang-kun / Rangnang-kun |
The Lelang-Kommandantur (also Nangnang- or Lolang-Kommandantur ) was built under the Chinese Emperor Han Wudi on the Korean Peninsula and existed until it was conquered by the Kingdom of Goguryeo in 313 AD.
history
In 108 BC BC Emperor Wu von Han conquered the area under Youqu ( Chinese 右 渠 ), grandson of Wei Man , on the Korean Peninsula. Then he set up the command centers Lelang, Lintun , Xuantu and Zhenfan . Lelang was located in what is now northwestern Korea and consisted of eleven prefectures. Its capital was near Pyongyang and is now an inner city district of the North Korean capital under the name Rangrang ( kor. 락랑 , 樂 浪 ).
After Emperor Wu's death, the Zhenfan and Lintun command posts were given up and Xuantu was transferred to Liaodong . Some of the prefectures of the dissolved headquarters were added to the Lelang headquarters. Subsequently, Lelang was also referred to as the Greater Lelang Headquarters . Because the Lelang headquarters was now too big, the defender of the southern section ( 南部 都尉 ) was entrusted with the administration of seven prefectures that had previously belonged to Zhenfan. Previously, only the seven prefectures of the Lintun headquarters had been added to him.
The remarkable Chinese immigration, particularly from the cities of Yan and Qi , brought Chinese culture to Korea. The people of Yan came by land through Liaodong, and the qi from the Yellow Sea . Among them, the Qi Wang clan soon became the ruling power. It is believed that most of the Han Chinese in Lelang spoke the Yan dialect.
When Wang Mang toppled the Han Dynasty and civil war broke out in China, Wang Tiao ( 王 調 ) started an uprising in Lelang and went into business for himself. His rebellion was put down in AD 30 by Wang Zun ( 王 遵 ), appointed by Emperor Guangwu as governor of Lelang. This put the Lelang headquarters back under direct Chinese control. However, because of the large population losses during the chaos of war, the emperor gave up the seven eastern prefectures. He handed over their administration to the Hui ( 濊 ), whose leaders were appointed margraves .
Towards the end of the Han dynasty, the governor Gongsun Du (since 184) enlarged his now semi-independent sphere of power from Liaodong to Lelang and Xuantu. His son, Gongsun Kang, split up the Lelang Headquarters in 204 and established the Daifang Headquarters . After that, the Lelang headquarters were back to their old dimensions.
In 236, General Sima Yi defeated the Gongsun family under the Wei Emperor Cao Rui and annexed Liaodong, Lelang and Daifang. The Jin Dynasty took over the Lelang Command in 265. When the civil war broke out in the 4th century, Jin could no longer hold the territories. Under Zhang Tong ( 張 統 ) started his own business in Lelang and Daifang. After the Xiongnu conquered the Jin capital of Luoyang in 311 , he sought help from Murong Hui, the warlord of the Xianbei . He set up a tiny Lelang headquarters in Liaodong. The previous Lelang headquarters was annexed by King Micheon of Goguryeo .
Individual evidence
- ^ John Haywood: Historical Atlas of the Classical World 500 BC - AD 600 . Barnes & Noble, 2000, ISBN 978-0-7607-1973-2 (English).
- ^ Sin Hyeong-sik: A Brief History of Korea . Ewha Womans University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-89-7300-619-9 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).