Leupold Scharnschlager

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Leupold Scharnschlager , also known as Leupolt Scharnschlager , Leopold Scharnschlager and Leupold the soap maker (* around 1485 probably in Hopfgarten , Tyrol ; † March 1563 in Ilanz , Graubünden ), was a Tyrolean landowner and a leading figure in the Reformation Anabaptist movement .

Life

Nothing is known about Scharnschlager's childhood and youth, and only guesses can be made about the exact year of his birth. It has been handed down that before his encounter with the Anabaptist movement he earned his living as a landowner and through a craft activity as a soap boiler. His property was in Hopfgarten near Kitzbühel . He was married to the wealthy widow Anna, née Honigler, widowed Steger. The marriage resulted in their daughter Ursula, who met the watchmaker Hans Felix during Scharnschlager's stay in Strasbourg, married him and moved with him to Moravia .

At the beginning of Leupold Scharnschlager's path to the Anabaptists was the hydraulic engineer and later head of the so-called Marbeck district Pilgram Marbeck , who also came from Tyrol. Around 1530 Scharnschlager left his home and followed Marbeck to Strasbourg , where he became his most important collaborator. Under his influence, the Anabaptist circle in Speyer developed into one of the most important Anabaptist communities in the southwest German region. In 1544 - it is assumed - Scharnschlager Pilgram Marbeck followed to Augsburg , but was sentenced there to a fine of 40 guilders for his Anabaptist missionary work and then - together with his wife - expelled from the country. From 1546 the Scharnschlager couple lived in Ilanz / Graubünden , where Leupold had found a job as a schoolmaster. In the underground he worked there until his death as leader of a small Anabaptist congregation and kept in contact with various scattered Anabaptist congregations as far as Moravia through letters.

After the death of the Scharnschlager couple, there was an inheritance dispute about which an extensive collection of files exists.

Works (selection)

In 1542 Scharnschlager published the Confessions of the Baptist Bernd Rothmann together with Marbeck . Also from 1542, a document presumably written by him and Marbeck together with the short title Admonition . He was also involved in the drafting of Marbeck's work Responsibility for Casparn Schwenckfeld's Judicium . The works mentioned are u. a. published here:

  • Admonition , in: Commemorative document for the 400th anniversary of the Mennonites or baptismal people 1525 - 1925 , 1925 (edited by Christian Hege)
  • Responsibility for Caspar Schweckfeld's Judicium , 1542, in: Sources and research on the history of the Upper German baptismal people in the 16th century , 1929, pp. 61-578 (edited by Johann Loserth )
  • Heinold Fast (Ed.): The left wing of the Reformation. Testimonies of faith of the Anabaptists, spiritualists, enthusiasts and anti-Trinitarians , Bremen 1962, pp. 117–137

The following writings can be found in the so-called art book of Jörg Propst Rothenfelder

  • Whether a Christian can hold an office in government
  • To the brothers in Graubünden and Appenzell: admonition and consolation in all kinds of tribulations (after May 24, 1544)
  • To Martin Plaickhner in Chur: Consolation epistle of God's love , May 24, 1544
  • To all true believers, especially those in Alsace: Of true faith and common salvation in Christ

literature

  • Traugott Schieß: From the life of an Ilanz schoolmaster , in: Bündnerisches Monatsblatt 1916, 73–89 (reprinted in: Ders., Contributions to the history of St. Gallen and Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen 1932, 229–238)
  • Jan ten Doornkaat Koolmann: Leupold Scharnschlager and the hidden Anabaptist community in Graubünden , in: Zwingliana 4, 1921–28, 329–337
  • J. Loserth: Two Tyroleans. A contribution to the history of the Tyrolean-Moravian Anabaptism in the 16th century , in: Journal of the German Association for the History of Moravia and Silesia 30, 1928, pp. 1–12
  • Gerhard Hein: Leupold Scharnschlager. A colleague of Pilgram Marbeck , in: Mennonitische Geschichtsblätter 4, 1939, 6-12
  • Oskar Vasella: From the beginnings of the Graubünden Anabaptist movement , in: Zeitschrift für Schweizerische Geschichte 19, 1939, 165-184 ( doi : 10.5169 / seals-73883 )
  • Heinold Fast (Ed.): Sources on the history of the Anabaptists in Switzerland , Vol. II: Ostschweiz, Zurich 1973
  • State Archive of Graubünden Volume V / 2: State files of the three leagues. First series of registers for the state files, pp. 843–1584 (edited and edited by Rudolf Jenny), Chur 1974
  • Claus-Peter Clasen: The Anabaptists in South and Central Germany , Switzerland and Austria, 1978
  • Alice Zimmerli-Witschi: Women in the Reformation , Diss. Zurich 1981, 142 f.
  • Marc Lienhard, Stephen F. Nelson a. Hans Georg Rott (Berarb.): Sources for the history of the Anabaptists , XVI. Volume: Alsace, IV. Part City of Strasbourg 1543–1552 including addenda and Improvements to part I., II. And III., Gütersloh 1988
  • Stephen B. Boyd: Pilgram Marpeck. His Life and Social Theology , Mainz 1992
  • Dieter Skala:  Pilgram Marbeck. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 5, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-043-3 , Sp. 753-755.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • ders. that., in: Mennonite Encyclopedia III, 491-502; Mennonite Lexicon IV, 46-49.
  • Erich Wennecker:  Leupold Scharnschlager. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 9, Bautz, Herzberg 1995, ISBN 3-88309-058-1 , Sp. 3–5.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Compare Heinold Fast: Sources for the history of the Anabaptists in Switzerland (QGTS), Volume 2 ( Eastern Switzerland ), Zurich 1972, ISBN 3-290-11338-8 , pp. 512-514
  2. ↑ Printed, introduced and commented on by Heinold Fast, Gottfried Seebaß, Martin Rothkegel (eds.): Letters and writings from Upper German Anabaptists 1527–1555. The art book of Jörg Probst Rothenfelder called painter, Burgerbibliothek Bern, Cod. 464 , Volume XVII in the series Sources for the history of the Anabaptists (Volume 78 in the series Sources and research on the history of the Reformation ; edited by Irene Dingel), Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-01646-7
  3. ↑ Printed by Heinold Fast, Gottfried Seebaß, Martin Rothkegel (ed.): Letters and writings of Upper German Anabaptists 1527–1555. Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-01646-7 , pp. 518-520.
  4. ↑ Printed by Heinold Fast, Gottfried Seebaß, Martin Rothkegel (ed.): Letters and writings of Upper German Anabaptists 1527–1555. Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-01646-7 , pp. 521-525
  5. ↑ Printed by Heinold Fast, Gottfried Seebaß, Martin Rothkegel (ed.): Letters and writings of Upper German Anabaptists 1527–1555. Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-01646-7 , pp. 526-529
  6. ↑ Printed by Heinold Fast, Gottfried Seebaß, Martin Rothkegel (ed.): Letters and writings of Upper German Anabaptists 1527–1555. Gütersloh 2007, ISBN 978-3-579-01646-7 , pp. 530-540
personal data
SURNAME Scharnschlager, Leupold
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Scharnschlager, Leopold; Scharnschlager, Leupolt; Leupold the soap boiler
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Personality of the Anabaptist Movement
DATE OF BIRTH around 1485
PLACE OF BIRTH uncertain: Hopfgarten im Brixental , Tyrol
DATE OF DEATH March 1563
Place of death Ilanz