Nice leycesterie
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Beautiful Leycesteria ( Leycesteria formosa ) |
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| Leycesteria formosa | ||||||||||||
| Wall. |
The beautiful Leycesteria ( Leycesteria formosa ), also known as caramel berries , is a shrub from the honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae) with 4 to 13 cm long leaf blades, white to pink inflorescences and red berries. The natural range of the species is in China, on the Indian subcontinent and in Indochina . The species was naturalized in parts of Europe and Australia. It is often used as an ornamental shrub because of its pretty flowers and remarkable fruit decorations.
description
The beautiful Leycesterie is a 1 to 5 meter high, upright shrub with hollow branches and hairy or sometimes glandular hairy, green and initially frosted twigs.
The leaves have a 5 to 15 millimeter long, hairy or sometimes glandular hairy stalk. The leaf blade is ovate to lanceolate, 4 to 13 centimeters long and 2 to 6 centimeters wide, pointed to tapered, with a wedge-shaped to almost heart-shaped base and an entire or serrated, sometimes irregular and unevenly serrated leaf margin. Both sides are hairy or bald or sparsely pressed.
The inflorescences reach lengths of 3 to 10 centimeters and grow terminally or in the axils of 1.5 to 3.5 centimeters long, purple-violet bracts . They are composed of one to ten whorls of two opposite, three-flowered cymes enveloped by bracts . The sepals are at the base, rarely grown together to the middle and also pressed or sometimes hairy glandular. The small calyx lobes are lanceolate to linear, sometimes triangular and 1 to 9 millimeters long. The corolla is white to pink, sometimes purple, funnel-shaped, 1.2 to 1.8 inches long and hairy on the outside. The corolla lobes are round-egg-shaped and about 5 millimeters long. The stamens are a little shorter to the same length as the petals. The five-branched ovary just below the calyx is elongated, 3 to 4 millimeters long and densely glandular. The long stylus is bare and is something beyond the petals.
Red and later black-violet, egg-shaped to almost round berries with a diameter of 5 to 7 millimeters with preserved calyxes are formed as fruits ( false fruit ) . The numerous seeds are brownish, broadly elliptical to elongated, somewhat compressed and about 1 millimeter long. The beautiful Leycesteria rarely blooms from May, usually from June to September, the fruits ripen from August, usually from September to October.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
Occurrence and location requirements
The natural range is in China in the west of Guizhou , in the west of Sichuan , in the southwest of Yunnan and in the south of Tibet ; in northern India, in Nepal, Bhutan and in northeastern Pakistan and in northern Myanmar. The species was naturalized in the Azores , Australia, New Zealand and Great Britain and in southern Europe. The beautiful Leycesterie grows in forests, on the edges of forests and in bushes, in China at altitudes of 110 to 3500 meters on fresh, slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, sandy-loamy to loamy, moderately nutrient-rich soils in hot, sunny locations. The species is sensitive to frost.
Systematics
The Leycesteria Formosa ( Leycesteria formosa ) is a kind of the genus of Leycesterien ( Leycesteria ). This is in the family of Honeysuckle associated with the subfamily Capri Folio ideae (Caprifoliaceae). The species was first scientifically described by Nathanael Wallich in 1824 . The generic name Leycesteria is reminiscent of William Leycester (1775–1831), a British chief judge in India and promoter of botany. The specific epithet formosa comes from Latin and means "beautifully designed" or "beautiful".
use
The beautiful Leycesterie is often used as an ornamental shrub because of its decorative flowers and remarkable fruit decorations .
The fruits are edible.
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 19: Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2011, ISBN 978-1-935641-04-9 , pp. 619 (English).
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 369.
- Jost Fitschen : Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 565 .
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , pp. 254, 339 (reprint from 1996).
Web links
- Leycesteria formosa . In:The Plant List. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
Individual evidence
- ↑ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 369
- ↑ Siegfried Tatschl: 555 fruit varieties for the permaculture and balcony of. Löwenzahn Verlag, 2015, ISBN 978-3-7066-2780-1 .
- ↑ a b c d Qiner Yang, Sven Landrein, Joanna Osborne, Renata Borosova: Leycesteria formosa , in the Flora of China , Volume 19, p. 619
- ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 369
- ↑ a b c Leycesteria formosa . In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed September 16, 2012 .
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 339
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 254
- ↑ The caramel berry on flora-obscura.de.