Lidija Ivanovna Djomkina

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Lidija Ivanovna Djomkina ( Russian Лидия Ивановна Дёмкина ; born January 26 . Jul / 7. February  1900 greg. In St. Petersburg ; † 29. March 1994 ibid) was a Russian physical chemist .

Life

Djomkina came from a large family. Her father Ivan Ivanovich Djomkin was a lawyer . Her mother Jelisaweta Wassiljewna née Alexandrowa came from a merchant family. Djomkina's grandfather Ioann Ioannowitsch Djomkin was a Russian Orthodox archpriest . Djomkina spent her youth in Reval . At the beginning of the First World War , the family returned to St. Petersburg. In 1917 Djomkina graduated from high school with a gold medal.

After the October Revolution , Djomkina began studying at the Petrograd Mining Institute in the metallurgical faculty in 1920 . In addition, she worked as a laboratory assistant in the new laboratory for photometry at the Institute for Optics (GOI) under the direction of Sergei Ossipowitsch Maisel .

In 1932 Djomkina became head of the laboratory for colors of the GOI. In 1936 she was transferred to Isjum with Gleb Nikolajewitsch Rautian , Igor Michailowitsch Buschinski and other employees , in order to succeed Grigori Yulievich Schukowski as head of the research and development department of the Isjum factory for optical glass (ISOS). She improved the production technology and initiated the industrial production of optical glass with the employees of the GOI and the ISOS. She investigated the physical and chemical properties of colorless and colored optical glasses. In 1934 she reported at the first conference on physiological optics . She systematized the production of the Isjum factory for optical glass. Thanks to their work, the import of colored optical glasses could be stopped in 1936, after the import of colorless optical glass had already ended in 1927. On the basis of her work, she received her doctorate in 1938 without defending a dissertation as a candidate for technical sciences .

From 1939 Djomkina headed the Laboratory for Colorimetry of the Leningrad Mendeleev All-Union Institute of Metrology . During the German-Soviet War she worked in Sars in the Oktyabrsky district . There she initially headed the production of optical glass in the plant, which had been formed from the evacuated parts of the plants in Leningrad, Isjum and Nikolsk , and then became chief technologist. In 1946 Djomkina returned to the GOI as a senior research assistant. In 1950 she defended her doctoral thesis on the calculation of refractive indices and densities of colorless glasses from their chemical composition. In 1963 she became head of the Laboratory for Optical Glass and in 1966 she was again a senior employee of the GOI. Vladimir Nikolaevich Poluchin was one of her students .

Djomkina was one of the founders and active members of the Russian Optical Society, which was founded in 1922 and dissolved in 1929 due to financial difficulties. When the company was re-established in 1990 on the initiative of the GOI, Djomkina was the guest of honor. In 1991 she received the honorary membership diploma No. 1 of the society that now bears Dmitri Sergeevich Roshdestvensky's name.

Djomkina had been married to Gleb Nikolajewitsch Rautian since 1925 and had 8 children, all of whom were studying.

Honors, prizes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Лидия Ивановна Дёмкина (1900–1994  гг.) . In: Физика и химия стекла . 1994, p. 681-682 .
  2. ↑ a b c Оптическое общество имени Д. С. Рождественского - DS Rozhdestvensky Optical Society: Первые Почетные члены Общества: Л.И. Демкина (accessed May 1, 2019).
  3. ↑ Л. И. Дёмкина: Градуировка фотометра Вебера . In: Труды ГОИ . tape 4 , no. 42 , 1928, pp. 1-9 .
  4. ↑ Л. И. Дёмкина: Повышение концентрации красителей в процессе варки оптического стекла . In: Труды ГОИ . tape 8 , no. 32 , 1932, pp. 36-39 .
  5. ↑ Л. И. Дёмкина: Основные цветовые понятия и термины . In: Труды ГОИ . tape 8 , no. 82 , 1932, pp. 1-12 .
  6. ↑ Труды 1-й конференции по физиологической оптике. 25-29 декабря 1934 г . изд-во АН СССР, Moscow, Leningrad 1936, p. 373-378, 430-436, 438-441 .
  7. ↑ Л. И. Дёмкина: Цветное стекло Изюмского завода оптического стекла . In: ЖТФ . tape 6 , no. 3 , 1936, pp. 409-444 .
  8. ↑ Л. И. Дёмкина: Исследование зависимости свойств стёкол от их состава . Оборонгиз, Moscow 1958.
  9. ^ Andrei M. Efimov: Optical Constants of Inorganic Glasses . CRC Press, 1995, pp. 146 .
  10. ↑ М. М. Мирошников: Оптическому обществу России - 80 лет . In: Оптический журнал . 2003, p. 77-93 .
personal data
SURNAME Djomkina, Lidija Ivanovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Дёмкина, Лидия Ивановна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian physical chemist
DATE OF BIRTH February 7, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg
DATE OF DEATH March 29, 1994
Place of death St. Petersburg