List of 999 women of the Heritage Floor / Judit

This list describes the place settings for Judit on the table of Judy Chicago's art installation The Dinner Party . It is part of the list of 999 women on the Heritage Floor who are assigned to the respective place settings on the table. The names of the 999 women are on the tiles of the Heritage Floor, which is arranged below the table and belongs to the art installation.

description

The installation consists of a three-sided table, each with 13 historical or mythological personalities, thus a total of 39 people, from prehistory to the women's rights movement . These people were assigned a place setting at the table, consisting of an individually designed table runner, an individually designed plate, a goblet, knife, fork, spoon and serviette. The first page of the table is devoted to prehistory up to the Roman Empire , the second to Christianization up to the Reformation and the third from the American Revolution to the women's movement. Each place setting on the table is assigned additional personalities who have received an entry on the tiles of the Heritage Floor, which occupies the space under the table and the center of the space between the sides of the table. This list includes the personalities who are assigned to the Judit's place setting. Your seat is on the first side of the table.

Hints

In addition to the names as they are used in German transcription or in scientific usage, the list shows the spelling chosen by Judy Chicago on the tiles.

The information on women who do not yet have an article in the German-language Wikipedia is referenced by the individual references listed under comments . If individual information in the table is not referenced via the main article, additional individual references are given at the relevant point. If there are any discrepancies between the information provided in Wikipedia articles and the descriptions of the work of art on the Brooklyn Museum website , this will also be indicated under Comments.

Place setting for Judit

Judit beheads Holofernes, Artemisia Gentileschi 1614 to 1620

The book of Judith belongs to the Greek Old Testament , it is regarded by Catholics and Orthodox , but not by Protestant Christians, as part of the Christian Bible . However, it does not belong to the Jewish Tanakh and is therefore a deuterocanonical book. Presumably it was in the 1st century BC. Written in Greek. The book is not considered a historical report, but an instructive, wisdom novel . Much of the information in the text is unhistorical.

Judit is a beautiful and God-fearing widow, goes unarmed, together with her maid, in the army camp of the Assyrian general Holofernes . She wins his trust and after a feast, when she was alone with the intoxicated general, she and her maid behead him with his own sword in order to save the people of Israel.

In the art installation, Judy Chicago states that the story of Judit is not viewed as a historical event in science, but that it is a fiction or a parable. The story of Judit had a great influence on the arts and many artists such as Donatello, Botticelli, Tizian, Michelangelo and Caravaggio took it up in their work. One of the most famous is the work of Artemisia Gentileschi , one of the first women to deal with religious and heroic subjects.

The place setting for Judit shows symbols of Middle Eastern tradition as well as symbols of femininity. The techniques with which the table runner is designed go back to the work with which the intricate headdress of Jeminite Jewish brides, the Gargush , is made. The gold thread, cord, and coins in the table runner are meant to indicate the custom of showing the bride's dowry to demonstrate her family's wealth and value as a commodity. In the center of the table runner, on the front, is the symbol of a triangular belt buckle, similar to those used as a piece of jewelry on ancient Hebrew clothing. With this triangle symbol the strength of Judit and her loyalty to her gender are to be represented. The sides are embroidered with Hebrew letters which refer to Judit's bravery for her people and which translate as: "Judit, heroine of her people". The initial letter “J” on the front of the runner is cut up by a sword, which represents the weapon with which Holofernes was killed.

The patterns on the plate show a floral pattern with leaves, the edges of which form curved dark and light triangles. The colors go back to the painting by Artemisia Gentileschi, in which the beheading of Holofernes by Judit and her maid is shown.

Surname	Spelling on the tile	Date of birth	cultural spatial assignment	Remarks	image
Abigail	Abigail	N / A	Tanakh , Northern Reich Israel	Mrs. Nabals , who later became one of David's wives ( 1 Sam 25  EU ).
Atalja	Athaliah	died 837 or 835 BC Chr.	Judah	The wife of Joram , king of Judah , ruled herself as sole ruler for five or six years.
Berurja	Beruriah	2nd century	Palestine	Daughter of Chanina ben Teradjon , wife of Rabbi Meir , is the only woman described as a scholar in Talmudic literature.
Debora	Deborah	N / A	Tanakh , Old Testament	Prophetess and judge of pre-monarchical Israel, counselor, warrior and the wife of Lapidoth according to the book of judges, chapters 4 and 5. As the only judge mentioned in the Bible, she led a successful counterattack against the armed forces of Jabin, the king of Canaan and his general Sisera.
Eve	Eve	N / A	Bible , Book of Genesis, Old Testament	According to the story, the first woman on earth, ancestral mother of all people, was created from a rib of Adam.
Witch of endor	Witch of Endor	N / A	Bible , 1st Book of Samuel	Necromancer of Endor . Invoked the prophet Samuel for King Saul .
Hulda	Huldah	N / A	Tanakh	A prophetess reported in the Tanakh .
Jezebel	Jezebel	N / A	Northern Reich Israel	Married King Ahab of Israel , whom according to the biblical account in 1 Kings 16 : 29-34 LUT she made him turn away from YHWH and turn to her Phoenician gods.
Queen Esther	Esther	N / A	Bible , Old Testament , Book of Esther	Jewish orphan who became the wife of the Persian king Ahasuerus ( Xerxes I ).
Lea	Leah	N / A	Tanach and Old Testament	In the Tanakh and the Old Testament sister of Rachel , one of the Erzmüttern Israel , the first wife of Jacob , mother of Dina and the six patriarchs of the twelve tribes of Israel .
Lilith	Lilith	N / A	Sumerian mythology	Goddess of Sumerian mythology , mentioned in the Gilgamesh epic . Became a symbol of emancipation because it represents the independence of women.
Maacha	Maacah	N / A	Bible , old testament	Daughter of Absalom , favorite wife of Rehoboam , mother of Abijah of Judah , grandmother of Asa of Judah , who deprived her of her royal position because she erected a cult image for Asherah .
Miriam	Miriam	N / A	Bible , old testament	According to the tradition of the Old Testament, the sister of Moses and Aaron and a prophetess .
Naomi	Naomi	N / A	Bible , old testament	In the Tanach Naomi is Ruth's mother-in-law and thus the great-great-grandmother of King David . Naomi gave herself the name Mara after her return from Moab .
Rachel	Rachel	N / A	Tanakh , Old Testament	Laban's daughter and Lea's younger sister , who becomes Jacob's favorite wife . Rachel is the mother of Joseph and Benjamin , two progenitors of the Twelve Tribes of Israel , and is therefore in Judaism to the Erzmüttern Israel counted.
Rebekah	Rebekah	N / A	Torah , Old Testament	She is the wife of Isaac , the son of Abraham , and mother of the twins Esau and Jacob .
Ruth	Ruth	N / A	Tanakh , Old Testament	Main character in the book of Ruth , a book of the Jewish Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . Was David's great grandmother .
Sarah	Sarah	N / A	Bible , Genesis	As the wife of the patriarch Abraham , she is considered the archmother of Israel ( Isa  51 : 1-2 EU ), who gives birth to the promised son Isaac .
Waschti	Vashti	N / A	Tanakh , Old Testament	Wife of the Persian king Ahasuerus .
Zippora	Zipporah	N / A	Bible , old testament	Daughter of the priest Jitro (or Reguel or Hobab) of Midian and wife of Moses .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Brooklyn Museum: Judith. In: brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved October 12, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Brooklyn Museum: Abigail. In: brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved September 22, 2019 . 

Web links

Commons : The Dinner Party  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Brooklyn Museum, Judit
• The Dinner Party on the website of Through the Flower , Judy Chicago's non-profit organization