List of the trenches of the Unterharzer Wasserregal
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The trenches of the Unterharzer Wasserregal are around 100 shorter and longer water trenches within a mining water management system. Some small trenches arose in part as early as the 14th century.
The systematic expansion took place between 1704 and 1745 by Georg Christoph von Utterodt and Christian Zacharias Koch .
The trenches are located in the mining districts of Silberhütte , Birnbaum , Neudorf ( Principality of Anhalt-Harzgerode or Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg ) and Straßberg ( County of Stolberg-Stolberg ). Today, regardless of their current condition, they are under monument protection . Only a few trenches are still water-bearing, most of them have been drained and, primarily in the Straßberg district, no longer exist.
Silberhütte artificial pit
The Silberhütter Kunstgraben is actually a network of eight sections that were never all in operation at the same time.
According to Karl-Heinz Krause, the list is in the direction of the slope.
| Surname | territory | construction time | Beginning | The End | Length (km) | function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ludengraben | Stolberg-Stolberg | 1726-1736 | Upper Lude | Büschengraben , above Gräfingründer pond | 9.5 | Septic tank |
| Junction to the Möllerteich | Stolberg-Stolberg | 1726-1736, 1745 | Ludengraben (junction in front of Ludenrösche) | Mouth of the Ludenrösche , above Möllerteich | Septic tank | |
| Schindelbruch artificial moat | Stolberg-Stolberg | 1703-1704 | Gräfingründer pond | Lazy puddle pond | 8.9 | Collecting ditch, supply ditch |
| Anhalt ditch | Stolberg-Stolberg / Anhalt-Bernburg |
1761-1762, 1792-1793 | Schindelbrücher artificial ditch (junction at the lazy puddle pond) |
Upper pear tree | 3.2 | Feed trench |
| Miner's ditch | Anhalt-Bernburg | 1761-1762 | Branch at the Anhaltischer Graben | narrow rockers | Feed trench | |
| unnamed ditch | Anhalt-Bernburg | between 1779 and 1817 | Branch at the Anhaltischer Graben | Calf suckers pond | <1.0 | Feed trench |
| Neudorfer Graben | Anhalt-Bernburg | 1793 | End of the Anhalt Trench | Neudorf community pond | 1.4 | Feed trench |
| New ditch | Anhalt-Bernburg | 1817 | Calf suckers pond | End of the Anhalt Trench | 0.5 | Feed trench |
| Siebengraben | Anhalt-Bernburg | 1903-1904 | Branch at the beginning of the Neudorfer trench | Siebengrundbach (above Teufelsteich) | 1.3 | Feed trench |
| Fürst-Victor-Kunstgraben | Anhalt-Bernburg | 1696-1697 | Devil pond | Oral hole of the Fürst-Victor-Stollen | 1.4 | Artificial moat |
| Silberhütter Aufschlaggraben | Anhalt-Bernburg | 1890 | Oral hole of the Fürst-Victor-Stollen | Silberhütte processing plant | 0.9 | Artificial moat |
More trenches
In addition to the Silberhütte artificial trench, there were a number of trenches, primarily created as artificial trenches.
In Straßberg in Stolberg, six ditches led from reservoirs to the stamping works and cycling arts in Straßberg. The slope trenches, which were parallel to the vertical lines, were constructed in up to three superimposed levels. In the Anhalt Harz, the water flow was primarily carried out directly from the reservoirs via short surcharges .
| Surname | territory | construction time | Beginning | The End | length | function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bush ditch | Stolberg-Stolberg | Upper course of course, lower course probably around 1700 | at Untermühle | near Malini pond | approx. 4 km | Feed trench |
| upper Rödelbachgraben | Stolberg-Stolberg | before 1610 | Rödelbach, near the lower Kiliansteich | at the Hüttenstollen - mouth hole | ≈ 3.5 km | Artificial moat |
| Glasebacher inlet ditch | Stolberg-Stolberg | unknown, probably around 1690 | upper Rödelbachgraben | Wheel chamber of the Glasebach mine | Artificial moat | |
| Glasebacher return ditch | Stolberg-Stolberg | unknown | Radkammerrösche from the Glasebach mine | Bärlochsgraben (Bear Hole) | Artificial moat | |
| Bärlochsgraben | Stolberg-Stolberg | Early 18th century | Bear holes | an art shaft in Straßberg | Artificial moat | |
| Lower slope ditch | Stolberg-Stolberg | probably early 18th century | Rödelbach | End of the Bärlochsgraben | Artificial moat | |
| Middle slope ditch | Stolberg-Stolberg | unknown | Mouth hole in the Heiligenberg tunnel | Cycling arts of the Neuhaus-Stolberg mine | Artificial moat | |
| Upper slope trench | Stolberg-Stolberg | around 1600 | upper Rödelbachgraben (Mundloch Stadtweger Rösche ) |
Cycling arts of the Neuhaus-Stolberg mine | Collecting ditch, artificial ditch | |
| Village ditch | Stolberg-Stolberg | unknown | Cycling arts of the Neuhaus-Stolberg mine | Grundborn | Collecting ditch, artificial ditch |
See also
literature
- Development and current function of systems of historical mining water management in the Lower Harz . In: Wilfried Strenz, Working Group Historical Geography of the Geographical Society of the GDR (ed.): Historical-geographical research in the GDR . Hermann Haack Geographisch-Kartographische Anstalt, Gotha 1986, ISBN 3-7301-0803-4 .
- Karl-Heinz Krause: Historic mining water management in the Eastern Harz - the example of the Lower Harz pond and ditch system . In: Christoph Ohlig (Hrsg.): UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Upper Harz Water Management (= DWhG [Hrsg.]: Writings of the German Water History Society (DWhG) eV Volume 19 ). tape 19 . Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2012, ISBN 978-3-8482-0803-6 .
- Wilfried Ließmann: Historical mining in the Harz . 3rd, completely revised edition. Springer, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-31327-4 .
- R. Lähne & D. Bednorz: The little detour - Unterharzer water shelf . In: Groundwater - Journal of the Hydrogeology Section . No. 16 , 2011, p. 57-58 , doi : 10.1007 / s00767-011-0160-2 .
