List of communication models

Main article: Communication model

Descriptive models

• Field Scheme of Mass Communication by Gerhard Maletzke (1963)
• Communication model by John W. Riley and Matilda White Riley (1959)
• Communication model by Bruce H. Westley and Malcolm S. MacLean (1957)
• Materialistic communication model by Wulf D. Hund (1976)

Schematic representation of the four-sided model

Functional models

• Organon model by Karl Bühler (1933)
• Six-part model by Roman Jakobson (1960)
• Four-sided model by Friedemann Schulz von Thun (1981)

Integration of effect and benefit

• Dynamic-transactional approach according to Werner Früh and Klaus Schönbach (1982)

Media impact models

Cognitive media effects

• Agenda building approach according to Gladys E. Lang and Kurt Lang (1981)
• Agenda setting approach according to Maxwell E. McCombs and Donald L. Shaw (1972)
• Theory of the spiral of silence according to Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann (1970s)
• Knowledge gap hypothesis ( Knowledge-Gap ) by Phillip J. Tichenor , George A. Donohue and Clarice N. Olien (1970)

SR and SOR models

• Transmitter-receiver model (also Hypodermic Needle Concept , Transmission Belt Theory or Magic Bullet Theory ; 1920s)
• Stimulus-response model

Theories on the ineffectiveness of the media

• Reinforcement thesis according to Joseph Klapper (1960)

Two-stage models

• Gatekeeper approach by David M. White (1950)
• Communication model according to Lazarsfeld ( The People's Choice , 1944)
• Multi-Step Flow Model (1950s)
• Opinion sharing model based on Verling C. Troldahl and Robert van Dam (1965)

Messaging models

• Information technology communication model by Claude E. Shannon and Warren Weaver (1949)

Audience or culture based theories

• Cultural Studies according to Stuart Hall
• Critical theory
• Cultivation thesis according to George Gerbner and Larry Gross (1976)
• Uses and gratifications approach according to Elihu Katz and David Foulkes (1962)

Sociological Models

• Systems theory by Niklas Luhmann ( Functional Differentiation ) (1968)
• Constructivist communication model by Gebhard Rusch , Klaus Merten u. a.
• Symbolic interactionism according to Herbert Blumer (1937)
• Theory of communicative action by Jürgen Habermas (1981)

Further approaches to theorizing

• Cognitive turn
• Discourse theory
• Learning theory
• Media theory
• Speech act theory
• Behavior theory

Other models

• Encoding / decoding model by Stuart Hall (1973)
• Speaking model by Dell Hymes (1962)
• Communication terms according to Klaus Merten (1977)
• Communication model by Horst Reimann (1974)
• Communication model by Jörg Aufermann (1971)
• Benefit approach by Will Teichert (1972/1973)
• Conceptual overview model by Lars M. Heitmüller et al. (2012)
• Communication typing by Michael Kunczik (1977)
• Speech act theory
• Theory of cybernetics by Norbert Wiener (1948)

Word models

• Lasswell Formula by Harold Dwight Lasswell (1948)

Interpersonal communication

• Iceberg model
• Forms of communication according to satir
• Communication theory by Paul Watzlawick (1972)
• Car communication

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Maletzke, Gerhard: Psychology of mass communication. Theory and systematics. Hamburg: Verlag Hans-Bredow-Institut, 1978 (first 1963).
2. ↑ Riley, John W./Riley, Mathilda W .: Mass Communication and the social system. In: Merton, Robert K./Broom, Leonard / Cottrell, Leonard S .: Sociology Today: Problems and Prospects. New York, 1959, pp. 537-578.
3. ↑ Westley, Bruce H./MacLean, Malcolm S. jr .: A Conceptual Model for Communication Research. In: Journalism Quarterly, 34th year 1957. pp. 31-38.
4. ^ Hund, Wulf D .: Ware news and information fetish. On the theory of social communication. Darmstadt - Neuwied, 1976.
5. ↑ Lang, Gladys E./Lang, Kurt: Watergate: An Exploration of the agenda-building process. In: Wilhoit, GC / DeBock, H. (Ed.): Mass Communication Review Yearbook. Vol. 2, 1981. pp. 447-468.
6. ↑ McCombs, Maxwell E./Shaw, Donald L .: The agenda-setting function of Mass Media. In: Public Opinion Quarterly 36/1972. Pp. 176-187.
7. ↑ Noelle-Neumann, Elisabeth: Die Schweigespirale. About the emergence of public opinion. 1977.
8. Jump up ↑ Tichenor, Phillip J./Donohue, George A./Olien, Clarice N .: Mass Media and the Differential Growth in Knowledge. In: Public Opinion Quarterly 34/2/1970. Pp. 159-170.
9. ^ Klapper, Joseph T .: Effects of Mass Communications. Toronto, 1960.
10. ^ White, David Manning: The "Gate Keeper": A Case Study in the Selection of News. In: Journalism Quarterly, 27th year, issue 3/1950. Pp. 383-390.
11. ↑ Troldahl, Verling C./Van Dam, Robert: Face-to-Face Communication About Major Topics in the News. In: Public Opinion Quarterly 29/1965. Pp. 626-634.
12. ↑ Shannon, Claude E./Weaver, Warren: The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbania: Illinois Press, 1949.
13. ↑ Conceptual overview model