List of hypothetical celestial bodies in the solar system

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This article contains a list of the hypothetical celestial bodies of the solar system, including refuted hypotheses and hypothetical celestial bodies that no longer exist .

Not included are the Oort cloud itself (as it is a hypothetical collection of astronomical objects and not a separate celestial body) and formerly hypothetical celestial bodies whose existence has been confirmed (such as Neptune ). Celestial bodies from esoteric and pseudosciences such as B. Nibiru are not included here.

designation Art place since refuted comment
Against earth planet Earth orbit in the Lagrange point L 3 Second half of the 5th century BC Chr. unstable path Twin earth orbiting the sun at the same distance, but always on the opposite side
Neith moon Venus 1672 1892 Moon of Venus, optical illusion / mix-up
Phaeton planet between Mars and Jupiter 1766 1801 Postulated to explain the gap in the Titius-Bode series (presumed regularity in the sequence of planetary orbit dimensions) between Mars and Jupiter.
Second earth moon ("Petit") moon earth 1846 1846 Second (extremely small) earth moon suspected by the astronomer Frédéric Petit
Second earth moon ("Lilith") moon earth 1898 1898 Claimed "dark" second earth moon , the name "Lilith" was only assigned to it in 1916 by astrologers
volcano planet (closer to the sun than Mercury ) 1859 1915 Postulated as an explanation for deviations of Mercury's orbit from a Kepler orbit . Refuted by General Relativity , which fully explains these deviations. The existence of volcanos ( asteroids within Mercury's orbit) remains conceivable.
Themis moon Saturn 1905 1966 Saturn moon, optical illusion / confusion
Transpluto (Planet-X) planet 10th planet 1930 1985 Postulated as an explanation for observations of orbital deviations of Uranus and Neptune , which, according to current knowledge, were based on measurement errors. (Planets outside of Neptune's orbit are still hypothesized to explain other effects.)
Mercury's moon (not named) moon Mercury 1974 1974 Incorrect interpretation of Mariner-10 data. However, reports of discovery have already gone around the world.
Nemesis Brown dwarf or dwarf star - 1984 2009 (largely) The solar system as a binary star system with an expansion of 1–3 light years was postulated as an explanation for periodic mass extinctions .
Tyche planet Oort cloud 1999 - Orbit around the sun at a distance of ≈15,000 AU ( 1 ⁄ 4 light year ), should explain the frequency distribution of certain cometary orbital types  .
Theia former protoplanet Earth's orbit around the sun 2000 - Is said to have collided with the proto-earth about 4.5 billion years ago, explains today's earth-moon system and possibly the origin of the earth's water .
Amphitrite former planet further than Neptune at that time 2010 - Planet of about 2 Earth masses in the early solar system, whose collision with Uranus or Neptune is supposed to explain today's peculiarities of these planets.
Second major earth moon former moon earth 2011 - According to a computer simulation, two moons (the smaller one with a diameter of about 1200 km) could initially have formed during the formation of the earth-moon system , which collided about 70 million years later to form today's Earth's moon. This can explain today's peculiarities of the lunar structure.
Fifth gas planet former planet between Saturn and Uranus 2011 - As part of the expansion of the Nice model to explain various properties of the solar system, it would have been thrown out of it some time after its formation. It could also remain on an eccentric orbit in the outer regions of the solar system and thus be identical to the hypothetical planet nine .
Planet nine planet beyond the Kuiper Belt 2014 - Theory established after examining the orbital data of (90377) Sedna and 2012 VP113 . According to this, there is a terrestrial planet with at least 10 earth masses beyond the Kuiper Belt . There are, however, other explanations. A little later in March 2014, the theory was denied. A celestial mechanical discussion of the orbits of trans-Neptunian objects published in January 2016 brought such an object back into discussion under the name “Planet 9”.

Web links

Commons : Hypothetical Celestial Bodies of the Solar System  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Martin Jutzi, Erik Asphaug: Forming the lunar farside highlands by accretion of a companion moon . In: Nature . No. 476, August 2011, pp. 69-72. doi : 10.1038 / nature10289 .
  2. ↑ Jan Oliver Löfken: New evidence: Second moon once orbited the earth. In: weltderphysik.de. August 3, 2011, accessed April 18, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b Konstantin Batygin, Michael E. Brown: Evidence for a distant giant planet in the Solar System . In: Astronomical Journal . tape 151 , no. 2 , January 20, 2016, doi : 10.3847 / 0004-6256 / 151/2/22 ( iop.org ).
  4. ^ Solar System's Edge Redefined. Carnegie Institution for Science, March 26, 2014, archived from the original on March 15, 2015 ; accessed on April 13, 2014 (English): "Sheppard and Trujillo suggest a Super Earth or an even larger object at hundreds of AU could create the shepherding effect seen in the orbits of these objects"
  5. ↑ Tobias Jobke: References to “planet giants” on the edge of our solar system. In: WDR5: Leonardo - Science and more . March 27, 2014, archived from the original on March 29, 2014 ; Retrieved April 30, 2014 .
  6. ↑ Christoph Behrens: Researchers find evidence of unknown super-earth. In: Süddeutsche.de. March 27, 2014, online , accessed April 30, 2014
  7. ^ Tilmann Althaus: Small planet Sedna is not alone. In: Spektrum.de. Verlag Spektrum der Wissenschaft, March 28, 2014, accessed on April 13, 2014 .
  8. ↑ Lorenzo Iorio: Planet X revamped after the discovery of the Sedna-like object 2012 VP 113 ? March 31, 2014, arxiv : 1404.0258
  9. ↑ Solar system: is there a ninth planet? scinexx , January 21, 2016, accessed January 21, 2016 .