Lithium formate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Lithium formate
other names	Lithium methanoate
Molecular formula	CHLiO 2
Brief description	white crystalline powder
External identifiers / databases
EC number	209-133-0
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.304
PubChem	23680280
Wikidata	Q1542107
properties
Molar mass	51.97 g · mol -1 (lithium formate); 69.97 g mol −1 (monohydrate);
Physical state	firmly
density	1.46 g cm −3 (20 ° C) (monohydrate)
Melting point	93–95 ° C (monohydrate)
solubility	soluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 315-319-335
	P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Lithium formate is the lithium salt of formic acid . It is commercially available as a monohydrate in the form of white crystals with the stoichiometric composition Li (HCOO) · H ₂ O.

Extraction and presentation

Lithium formate can be produced from lithium hydroxide and formic acid by a salt formation reaction .

{\ displaystyle {\ ce {LiOH + HCOOH -> HCOOLi + H2O}}}

The synthesis from lithium carbonate and formic acid is also possible with the evolution of carbon dioxide .

{\ displaystyle {\ ce {Li2CO3 + 2HCOOH -> 2HCOOLi + CO2 ^ + H2O}}}

properties

Lithium formate crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system in the space group Pna 2 ₁ (space group no. 33) with the lattice parameters a = 699 pm , b = 650 pm and c = 485 pm. In the unit cell contains four formula units . Template: room group / 33

The monohydrate changes into the anhydride at 94 ° C. with elimination of water. On further heating, lithium formate decomposes at 230 ° C with the formation of lithium carbonate, carbon monoxide and hydrogen .

{\ displaystyle {\ ce {2HCOOLi -> [\ Delta] Li2CO3 + CO ^ + H2 ^}}}

safety instructions

Like all water-soluble lithium salts, large amounts of lithium formate have a toxic effect on the central nervous system . Repeated ingestion can also damage the kidneys .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d data sheet lithium formate from AlfaAesar, accessed on May 26, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b Datasheet Lithium format monohydrate from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 8, 2011 ( PDF ).
↑ External identifiers or database links to lithium formate monohydrate : CAS number: 6108-23-2, EC number: 676-657-8, ECHA InfoCard: 100.201.853 , PubChem : 23702287 , ChemSpider : 11251293 , Wikidata : Q18212206 .
^ ^A ^b T. Meisel, Z. Halmos, K. Seybold, E. Pungor: "The thermal decomposition of alkali metal formats", in: Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry , 1975 , 7 (1), pp. 73-80 doi : 10.1007 / BF01911627
^ R. Abegg, F. Auerbach, I. Koppel: "Handbuch der inorganic Chemie". Verlag S. Hirzel, 1908. P. 149; Full text .
^ ^A ^b Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Paperback for chemists and physicists. 3. Elements, inorganic compounds and materials, minerals, Volume 3. 4. Edition, Springer, 1997, ISBN 978-3-5406-0035-0 , p. 532 ( limited preview in Google book search).
↑ Erich Groschuff : "Neutral and acidic alkali formates. Studies on the solubility of salts. XI.", In: Reports of the German Chemical Society , 1903 , 36 (2), pp. 1783–1795 doi : 10.1002 / cber.19030360276 .
↑ Lithium format hydrate data sheet (PDF) from Strem, accessed on December 25, 2012.

[Alfa-1] ta sheet lithium formate from AlfaAesar, accessed on May 26, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .

[Sigma-2] Datasheet Lithium format monohydrate from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 8, 2011 ( PDF ).

[3] External identifiers or database links to lithium formate monohydrate : CAS number: 6108-23-2, EC number: 676-657-8, ECHA InfoCard: 100.201.853 , PubChem : 23702287 , ChemSpider : 11251293 , Wikidata : Q18212206 .

[Meisel-4] A ^b T. Meisel, Z. Halmos, K. Seybold, E. Pungor: "The thermal decomposition of alkali metal formats", in: Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry , 1975 , 7 (1), pp. 73-80 doi : 10.1007 / BF01911627

[handbook-5] R. Abegg, F. Auerbach, I. Koppel: "Handbuch der inorganic Chemie". Verlag S. Hirzel, 1908. P. 149; Full text .

[Lax-6] A ^b Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Paperback for chemists and physicists. 3. Elements, inorganic compounds and materials, minerals, Volume 3. 4. Edition, Springer, 1997, ISBN 978-3-5406-0035-0 , p. 532 ( limited preview in Google book search).

[7] Erich Groschuff : "Neutral and acidic alkali formates. Studies on the solubility of salts. XI.", In: Reports of the German Chemical Society , 1903 , 36 (2), pp. 1783–1795 doi : 10.1002 / cber.19030360276 .

[8] Lithium format hydrate data sheet (PDF) from Strem, accessed on December 25, 2012.