Loasoideae
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| Loasoideae | ||||||||||||
| Urb. & Gilg |
The Loasoideae are a subfamily in the nettle family (Loasaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The upper leaves are opposite and the lower leaves are alternate or completely opposite. Depending on the tribe, nettle hairs are usually present or absent.
Generative characteristics
The inflorescences are similar to thyrses and either show numerous paracladia and pronounced metatopy or are dichasias , rarely are monochasias with few flowers .
The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and four to eight-fold with a double flower envelope . The sepals are durable. The petals are not overgrown, deep boat-shaped or fleshy (but never membranous and flat), mostly nailed, with more than three nerves emanating from the base, with entire margins or toothed on the edge.
Systematics and distribution
The manifold center of the subfamily Loasoideae lies in South America, but it radiates to Central America, the Caribbean islands, Polynesia and - with two species - to southwest and northeast Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
The subfamily Loasoideae contains two tribe with thirteen genera:
- Tribe Loaseae: Nettle hairs are often present. It contains about ten genera:
- Aosa Weigend : Of the approximately seven species, six species occur in eastern Brazil and one on Hispaniola .
- Blumenbachia Schrad. : The twelve or so species are common in Brazil, Uruguay , Paraguay , Argentina and Brazil.
- Caiophora C. Presl (Syn .: Cajophora Endl. , Raphisanthe Lilja ): The approximately 56 species are distributed in Peru , Chile , Bolivia , Argentina and one species each occurs in Uruguay, Brazil and Ecuador .
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Chichicaste Weigend : There is only one type:
- Chichicaste grandis (. Standl) Weigend : It thrives in rain forests in Costa Rica and in the northwestern Colombia before
- Huidobria Gay ; with only two species that occur in northern Chile
- Pilsenia R.Br. ex Endl. ; with only two species: one found in southern Arabia, Somalia, and Ethiopia, the other found in south-west Africa
- Loasa Adans. ; with about 36 species that occur from Mexico to South America
- Nasa Weigend : The approximately 100 species are common in the Neotropic .
- Presliophytum (Urb. & Gilg) Weigend ; with about three species that occur in the arid regions of western Peru
- Scyphanthus Sweet ; with 1 to 2 kinds; they occur in Chile
- Tribe Klaprothieae Urb. & Gilg : There is no nettle hair. It contains three genera with only six species:
- Klaprothia Kunth ; with only two types; they occur in tropical South America
- Plakothira Florence ; with three types, they come in Polynesia to the Marquesas ago
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Xylopodia Weigend : There is only one type:
- Xylopodia klaprothioides Weigend : This endemic occurs only in northern Peru in Contumaza .
swell
literature
- Maximilian Weigend: Loasaceae. In: Klaus Kubitzki (Ed.): The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants . Volume 6: Flowering Plants, Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 2004, ISBN 3-540-06512-1 , pp. 252 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).