Loingau

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Loingau
The Duchy of Saxony around the year 1000
Loingau
Duchy of Saxony around the year 1000
The approximate location of the Loingau
The Loingau and the surrounding districts in the tribal duchy of Saxony around 1000

The Loingau is the area on both sides of Böhme , Örtze , Unteraller and Leine (Aller) , between Rethem , Stellichte , Timmerloh , Hermannsburg and the Steinhuder Meer in the south. It belonged to the former diocese of Minden and included parts of the district of Celle and the former districts of Fallingbostel , Soltau and Burgdorf .

geography

The Loingau has been documented again and again since 835. It denotes the area of ​​office and power of a count since the Frankish conquest. When notarizing places in Loingau with the attribute "in pago [= Gau, Latin] Loingo", this Gau is documented as a territorial-political spatial unit. Keseberg lists characteristic settlement and place names that can be found around the Gohstätte , the Gohberg between Uetzingen and Honerdingen .

“[We have to state] that this Großgau encloses several and also different settlement landscapes. In the west the Bohemian landscape with the Heidmark , in the east the Örtzelandschaft around Hermannsburg and the Meißetal around Bergen and in the south the lower Leinelandschaft. "

- Alfred Keseberg : Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo, p. 40

In Loingau there are many geographical names with the component “Loh”, as in Lohheide . Lohin-gao therefore means of Vaud .

Delimitation from the Leinegau

If Loingau is derived from “loh”, meaning “forest”, Loingau is not to be equated with “ Leinegau ”, named after the river “Leine”. Köbler divides into a lower Leinegau and an upper Leinegau . Gustav Droysen only speaks of a Lohingao . But also with him the name Logiga appears for the leash. It runs between the Gauen Maerstem ( Marstemgau ) and Flutwide ( Flutwidde ). Keseberg separates the Loingau from the Leinegau near Göttingen .

history

"So the Loingo is not a natural spatial unit, but an artificial state-political structure, which arose when Charlemagne established Franconian counties."

- Alfred Keseberg : Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo, p. 40

According to Keseberg, the boundaries of the Loingau are also determined by dialectic boundaries (such as the Low German mi / mik for me and di / dik for you ). The Loingau was a district of the diocese of Minden in the Middle Ages. He was therefore evangelized from there. A main courtyard for the Bishop of Minden was built in Ahlden , and the missionary work of the Loingau will be continued from there. A second wave of missions originated in the Corvey Monastery on the Weser, founded in 822 . The places Alt- and Kirchwahlingen, Fallingbostel and Walsrode go back to Keseberg to one of the founders of the Corvey Monastery, Wala and his descendants.

“The ecclesiastical foundations established in Lohingo are private churches of the noble sexes. The first mission and baptismal church is the church in Meinerdingen founded by Meginhard and consecrated to St. George. ... The Franconian occupation of the Sachsenland took place through the transfer of the power of counts either to Saxon rulers of the state, who submitted to the Franconian ruler and adopted Christianity, or through the assumption of rulership by the Franconian greats. "

- Alfred Keseberg : Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo, p. 47

The Franconian metropolitan area was named Loingo after the Saxon Lohingo . The Saxon Gohordnung was still applied - however, the Gaugraf took over the presidency of the Gohgericht .

In written documents in the reports of the miraculous healings at the grave of Willehad (of the Bishop of Bremen 860) the name appears: “In the village of Büchten in Loinga (area on the lower reaches of the Aller tributaries Leine and Böhme) a woman named Siberin was on all members weakened their health was fully restored. "

In a document from 1069, the Abbess of the Quedlinburg Church Adelheid granted Duke Magnus protection over the Soltau farm, which is located in the Loinge district.

literature

  • Friedrich Grütter: The Loingau , ed. by Otto Jürgens, Hanover 1901. (Publ. for Lower Saxony History, issue 4)
  • Wilhelm von Hodenberg (ed.): The pagus Loingo . In: Lüneburg document book . Archives of the St. Johannis Monastery in Walsrode, 1859
  • Alfred Keseberg: Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo . Bomlitz 1969
  • Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Alfred Keseberg: Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo , p. 35.
  2. ↑ Keseberg (p. 35) lists 16 sources: first in: P. Wigand (Ed.): Traditiones Corbeiensis , 1843, last in: W. v. Hodenberg (Ed.): Lüneburg Document Book ; Archives of the St. Johannis monastery, 1859
  3. ↑ Prehistoric sites, pagan places of worship, churches, areas named spell , farming communities , noble residence Hilperdingen (in the peasantry Honerdingen), courts and castles leads Keseberg (page 41).
  4. ^ A b Alfred Keseberg: Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo , p. 37
  5. ^ Gerhard Köbler: Historical Lexicon of the German Lands. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 .
  6. ^ Duchy of Saxony map in: Gustav Droysen, Allgemeiner Historischer Handatlas, 1886
  7. ^ Alfred Keseberg: Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo , p. 43
  8. ↑ Compare also the blood court of Verden .
  9. ↑ Andreas Röpcke (ed.): Willehad: the life of St. Willehad, Bishop of Bremen, and the description of the miracles on his grave . Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1982, ISBN 3-7961-1738-4
  10. ↑ as facsimile, Latin text and German translation printed by Alfred Keseberg: Uetzingen, Hunenburg and Loingo , p. 61ff.