Loitzenhaus
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The Loitzenhaus (Polish: Kamienica Loitzów) is a late Gothic architectural monument in Szczecin and one of the few examples of early civil architecture in the city.
history
The Loitzenhaus in today's Kurkowa 1 (until 1945 Frauenstrasse ) was built between 1539 and 1547 on behalf of the wealthy Loitz family . The builders were Hans II. Loitz (Jan Łozica), long-time mayor of the city, and his wife Anna. The family ran the largest bank in Szczecin and had trade connections throughout Europe. Members of the family also held high positions in the city authorities. Joachim II of Brandenburg died in 1571 and the following year Sigismund II August , King of Poland-Lithuania and the last member of the Jagiellonian dynasty . Both had high debts with the Loitz family. Because these were not repaid, the Loitz family was ruined and fled to Krakow . The collapse of the Loitz family's empire continued to affect the Szczecin economy for many decades.
Subsequently, the building was taken over by the Dukes of Pomerania . During the siege of Szczecin in the Thirty Years War , the roof of the building was badly damaged in 1630. It was commissioned by the Pomeranian Duchess Anna von Croÿ , daughter of Bogislaw XIII. , the last member of the griffins , repaired. After the death of the last Pomeranian Duke Bogusław XIV in 1637, the residence passed into the possession of the Swedish official Simon Matthäus von Rosenhand and was henceforth called Rosenhandhof .
Around 1721 the house was taken over by the Dubendorf brothers from Switzerland , who introduced the coffee house culture to Stettin . They opened a confectionery shop there which became known as the Swiss Manor .; the alley next to the building was called Schweizerhof .
In the 19th century, the structure of the building was gradually destroyed: the house was divided into rental apartments, decorative gables were destroyed and the carved wooden ceilings in the interiors were hidden.
During the Second World War in 1944, the interior of the house burned down after Allied bombing raids. Only the outer walls, the cellars and the stairwells were preserved. In 1955 the Loitzenhaus was rebuilt and the seat of the Liceum Plastyczne w Szczecinie , the city's art college. It was the first building in Szczecin to be fully restored after the war. The Loitzenhaus is a listed building.
Architectural style
The Loitzenhaus is a typical example of early civil architecture in Pomerania . The facade facing the Oder has a special form of “curtains” on the windows with characteristic arches and tracery sections made of profiled brick. The windows in the stairwell of the tower have a sloping shape. The sloping window sills and lintels are also characteristic of the building. The tower used to have a helmet and is now covered with a tent roof. The architectural style was modeled on that of the castle of the Pomeranian dukes in Ueckermünde (1546), which was planned by the same master builder.
A copy of the relief Conversion of Saul is embedded on the east side of the Loitzenhaus . It dates from the 16th century; the motif is traditionally associated with the founding of the Loitz family. The relief was made in the workshop of Hans Schenck , who was also responsible for the Pomeranian princes Philipp I and Barnim IX. from Pomerania worked. The original made of sandstone (1547) is in the National Museum in Szczecin .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Agata Stankiewicz: Kamienica Loitzów. In: kochamszczecin.pl. 2000, accessed August 1, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ a b c d e f Marian Kazubowski: Kamienica Loitzów w Szczecinie. In: naszewycieczki.pl. Retrieved May 10, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ Edwin Kuna / Hannelore Deya: From the old Mecklenburg and Pomerania. Lulu.com, 2012, ISBN 3942916622 p. 115 ( limited preview in Google Book Search)
- ↑ Late Gothic Loitz House. In: szczecin.eu. Retrieved August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Kamienica Loitzów, Szczecin. In: zabytek.pl. Retrieved August 1, 2020 (Polish).
Coordinates: 53 ° 25 ′ 31 ″ N , 14 ° 33 ′ 33 ″ E