Louis Guillaume Le Monnier
Louis Guillaume Le Monnier , also Lemonnier (born June 27, 1717 in Paris , † September 7, 1799 in Versailles ), was a French doctor, botanist , mycologist and encyclopaedist . His botanical-mycological author's abbreviation is “ Le Monn. ".
Live and act
Louis Guillaume Le Monnier was the son of the French philosopher and mathematician Pierre Le Monnier (1675–1757), professor at the Collège d'Harcourt and member of the Académie des sciences , as well as his wife, M. Louise Gaillard (approx. 1690 - approx . 1755). His brother was the astronomer and mathematician Pierre Charles Le Monnier .
Le Monnier worked in the fields of physics, geology, botany and medicine. He studied medicine at the University of Paris and finished his studies on October 17, 1740. The title of his dissertations was Quaestio medica. An in macilentis liberior quam in obesis circulatio? (1740), another quaestio medica. An musculorum momentum a longitudine & dispositique fibrarum. (1749).
As early as 1738 he practiced as a doctor in a hospital in Saint-Germain-en-Laye . In 1739 he accompanied the expedition of César François Cassini de Thury and Nicolas Louis de Lacaille to document the geographic meridian of Paris.
He carried out electrophysical experiments, for example having electrical current generated by a Leyden bottle transported through a cable about 1,850 meters long. In doing so, he proved that electricity can be transported via a conductor.
Le Monnier became professor of botany at the Jardin du Roi in 1759 . From 1761 he was in the position of personal physician to King Louis XV. appointed, initially only as Premier médecin ordinaire du Roi (1770) and later even as Premier médecin du Roi (1789). In 1786 he succeeded René Desfontaines as professor of botany at the Collège de France . From 1773 he was married to M. Ursule Durant Demonville (approx. 1740–1793) and had with her the daughter Louise Adèle Le Monnier (approx. * 1778).
In addition to independently published publications, he also contributed five articles to the Encyclopédie under the aegis of Denis Diderot and Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert , including articles on the magnet, aimant , electric current, électricité and the electric discharges, feu électrique .
In 1743 Le Monnier was accepted into the Académie des Sciences . In 1745 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society . Since 1746 he was a foreign member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences .
Works (selection)
- Leçons de physique expérimentale, sur l'équilibre des liqueurs et sur la nature et les propriétés de l'air , (1742)
- Observations d'histoire naturelle faites dans les provinces méridionales de France, pendant l'année 1739 , (1744)
- Recherches sur la Communication de l'Electricité , (1746)
- Observations sur l'Electricité de l'Air , (1752)
- Quaestio medica. An musculorum momentum a longitudine & dispositique fibrarum. Parisiis, Quillau, (1749)
- Quaestio medica ... An in macilentis liberior quam in obesis circulatio? Paris (1740)
literature
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Frank A. Kafker: Notices sur les auteurs of dix-sept volumes de "discours" de l'Encyclopédie. Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie Année (1989) Volume 7 Numéro 7 p. 147
- ^ Wikisource. Éloge historique de Lemmonier
- ↑ Family genealogy
- ↑ Jean des Cilleuls: Un passionné de la nature: Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier (1717-1799). Premier Médecin du Roy, Médecin en Chef de l'Armée de Soubise. p. 37 (PDF; 4.0 MB)
- ↑ Le Monnier, L.-G .: "Recherches sur la Communication de l'Electricité", Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences (1746) , pp. 477ff.
- ^ Robert, Georges: Le Premier Médecin du Roi. HISTOIRE DES SCIENCES MÉDICALES- TOME XXXII-№ 4-1998, p. 373-378 (PDF; 2.9 MB)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Le Monnier, Louis Guillaume |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lemonnier, Louis-Guillaume |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French doctor, botanist, mycologist and encyclopaedist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 27, 1717 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 7, 1799 |
| Place of death | Versailles |