Ludwig Aloys (Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein)

Ludwig Aloys

Ludwig Aloysius, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein (born August 18, 1765 in Bartenstein , † May 31, 1829 in Lünstadt, today Lunéville ), was a German Imperial Prince and General and Marshal of France .

Life

Hohenlohe joined the French emigrant army as a colonel in 1792 and recruited the Hohenlohe regiment for the same , with which he distinguished himself particularly during the assault on the Weissenburg lines . He then entered the Dutch service and, with his regiment, almost surrounded, carried out a masterful retreat from the island of Bommel behind the Waal in 1794 . Later he took part, now in Austrian service, in the campaigns from 1794 to 1798 as a colonel and that of 1799 as major general under Archduke Karl . He came to Klagenfurt as a brigadier. On February 20, 1806 he became a field marshal lieutenant and left the army briefly until the war broke out in October 1806.

As a result of his military duties, he was only sporadically in Bartenstein. The court in Bartenstein was dissolved, the affairs of government in the residence were continued on his behalf by a secret conference commission. It consisted of several government and court councilors. He turned down Napoleon's offer to maintain the sovereignty of his principality if he joined the Confederation of the Rhine. In 1806 the Principality of Bartenstein and the Oberamt Bartenstein were dissolved, government power and territory were transferred to the Kingdom of Württemberg . The remaining court councilors and court servants had to swear allegiance to the King of Württemberg.

Ludwig Aloys was now employed as a divisional general in Bohemia, in Pressburg in 1807 and became governor of Galicia . In 1809 he joined the 4th Army Corps in the battles near Aspern and Wagram ; after the Peace of Vienna (December 20, 1809) he retired again. In mid-1811 he was active again. He commanded a division in the main army and defended Seifferthain on October 18, 1813 with great bravura. Then came the next on to the corps, which was ordered to blockade Dresden and finally to the main army in France, where he occupied Troyes on behalf of the Allies and became governor of this city. He had been the owner of Infantry Regiment No. 26 since 1803 and kept it when the Prince of Orange received the regiment in 1814, as second owner in 1814 and 1815. In October 1815 he received Infantry Regiment No. 41, which he ceded in 1817 .

After the re-establishment of the Bourbons in 1814, he entered French military service on July 17, 1816, became Lieutenant-General and received the Lunéville Castle as a gift. He became the commander of the German Legion, of which the Prince was a colonel . The regiment was later named after him. In 1823 the prince commanded the army that the Duke of Angoulême led to Spain, and in 1827 the king appointed him Marshal of France . On November 5, 1827, he became Villéle Pair of France at the request of the Minister .

He died on May 31, 1829 in Lunéville .

Members of the Hohenlohe Regiment either became French citizens, had to leave France or transferred to the French Foreign Legion . The Foreign Legion, established in 1831, sees this regiment as a historical predecessor.

family

He was the son of Ludwig Carl Franz Leopold zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein (* November 15, 1731 - June 14, 1799) and his wife Countess Polyxena von Limburg-Stirum (* October 28, 1738 - February 26, 1798) . He himself was married twice. His first wife became Countess Franziska Wilhelmina Augusta von Manderscheid-Blankenheim on November 18, 1786 (* March 13, 1770; † August 26, 1789). The couple had the following son:

• Karl August Theodor (born June 9, 1788: † August 12, 1844) ⚭ September 9, 1811 Landgravine Clotilde von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (born September 12, 1787; † January 6, 1869)

His second wife became Maria Creszentia zu Salm-Reifferscheidt on January 19, 1790 (born August 29, 1768 - † April 4, 1826). The couple had the following children:

• Maria Beatrix (1791–1792)
• Augusta Charlotte (born November 16, 1793)

He had ceded the government of his country to his son Karl August Theodor in November 1806 .

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Hohenlohe-Bartenstein, Ludwig Alois Joachim Prinz . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 9th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1863, p. 193 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Charles Mullié: Biography of the célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer. Volume 2, p. 64 (digitized version) (French)
• Markus Wirth: Ludwig Aloys zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein. (1765–1829) Marshal and Peer of France. In: Alma Hannig, Martina Winkelhofer-Thyri (eds.): The Hohenlohe family. A European dynasty in the 19th and 20th centuries . Verlag Böhlau, Cologne 2013, ISBN 978-3-41222201-7 , pp. 51-74.

Web links

• family tree