Ludwig Uhland (SA member)

Ludwig Adolf Gustav Uhland (born July 28, 1888 in Stuttgart , † January 29, 1945 in Tübingen ) was a German SA leader, most recently Obergruppenführer .

Live and act

Youth and First World War

Uhland was a son of the lecturer Theodor Uhland (1858–?) And his wife Emilie, née Kussmaul (1864–1928). He was baptized on September 2, 1888. In his youth he attended a humanistic high school, which he left with the Abitur in 1908. He then embarked on a career as an officer: On July 1, 1908, he joined the infantry regiment "Kaiser Friedrich, King of Prussia" (7th Württembergisches) No. 125 as a flag junior . In this he was promoted successively to lieutenant, first lieutenant and captain until he left the army in 1920. During the war he was also awarded various medals such as the Iron Cross of both classes.

From 1914 to 1918 Uhland took part in the First World War, in which he was consistently deployed on the Western Front . He suffered several wounds during the war. On June 20, 1917, he married Helene Heyge in Stuttgart (born November 17, 1893 in Stuttgart). The two sons Werner (* 1920) and Wolf-Dieter (* 1922) emerged from the marriage.

Weimar Republic and a career in the SA

In the 1920s, Uhland earned his living as an office manager, managing director, operator and traveling representative in the textile industry in Stuttgart, Berlin and Frankfurt am Main.

On October 1, 1930 Uhland joined the NSDAP ( membership number 333.096). Soon afterwards, on December 1, 1930, he joined the SA. After a brief activity as head of SA leader courses in the period from January 1 to April 1, 1931, Uhland became the leader of this group, Dietrich von Jagow , as staff leader of the SA group south-west with effect from April 15, 1931 Side put. He held this position for almost three years - even after the group was elevated to Upper Group V on April 1, 1933 - until February 28, 1934. During this time he was raised to the rank of SA group leader (lieutenant general). Then he was briefly from March 1, 1934 to July 15, 1934 inspector of the SA area in the center, based in Hanover.

After the events of the Nazi government's political cleansing measure, known as the Röhm Putsch , in the early summer of 1934, Uhland succeeded Wilhelm Sander , who was shot on July 1, 1934, with the management of the staff leader of the then 200,000 men SA group Berlin-Brandenburg commissioned. In this capacity he organized in the following months together with Dietrich von Jagow, who was appointed at the same time as the new leader of the group, the political cleansing of the Berlin SA from alleged or actual supporters of the circle around Ernst Röhm within the framework of so-called SA special courts. He also handled the massive reduction in personnel at the Berliner SA in the years that followed.

On September 15, 1935, Uhland's status as a staff leader was converted from "entrusted with leadership" on a trial basis ( mdFb ) to a permanent position as staff leader, which he retained until October 31, 1936.

Career in the RLB

From October 1936, Uhland took on leading positions in the Reich Air Protection Association (RLB): From October 1, 1936 to October 31, 1936, he worked for the Presidium of the RLB Group, Reich Capital and Brandenburg, in Berlin. From November 1, 1936 to March 31, 1940, he then held the post of leader of the RLB Group Rhineland, based in Düsseldorf . This activity was interrupted from January to April 1939 when he assumed the position of head of the organization of the advertising campaign for the creation of the RLB Sudetenland group in Gablonz . In the SA he was assigned to the SA group Niederrhein as a group leader from January 9, 1937 according to Führer's order No. 47.

On April 1, 1940, Uhland was appointed leader of the newly founded RLB Group Wartheland . On April 1, 1942, he was commanded at the same time with the rank of General Air Protection Leader as acting leader of the newly created RLB Group Westmark.

Uhland finally reached his highest rank in the SA on January 30, 1942 when he was appointed Obergruppenführer.

post war period

In the second half of the 1940s, Uhland and his estate in Baden-Württemberg were denazified.

Promotions

• December 18, 1931: SA Oberführer
• April 1, 1933: SA group leader (according to "Führerbefehl" No. 13)
• January 30, 1942: SA Obergruppenführer

Archival tradition

SA personnel records on Uhland have been preserved in the former Berlin Document Center , which is now kept in the Berlin Federal Archives. The procedural files for his arbitration chamber proceedings have again been preserved in the Baden-Württemberg State Archives, in the Ludwigsburg office (EL 902/6 Bü 22857 and 22878). There are also passport files from the 1920s (F 215 Bü 53 ​​and 297).

literature

• Topography of Terror Foundation: Persecution of Jews in Berlin 1933–1945: a chronology of official measures in the Reich capital , 2009.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Tübingen registry office: death register for 1985, death register entry No. 147/1985, made retrospectively for 1945.