Lusina (Udanin)
| Lusina | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Środa Śląska | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 1 ' N , 16 ° 24' E | ||
| Height : | 119 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 406 (2013) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 76 | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
Lusina [ luˈɕina ] (German Lüssen ) is a village in the rural community of Udanin in the Powiat Średzki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland .
geography
Lusina is located about six kilometers north of Strzegom , 20 km from the district town of Środa Śląska and 45 kilometers from Wroclaw .
history
The street village Lusina was first mentioned in a document in 1149 as "Luszina". In this document it was decreed that the village would have to pay contributions in kind to the sand pen in Wroclaw. In 1239 "Lussin", now with a Germanized name, is placed under German law , which only means "that the constitution of the settlement became German, but not that the population has also become German". Lüssen was previously placed under Slavic law, which means that there was a different court system , a different land division and a different manorial system.
The village name Lüssen goes back to lussin = heather, i.e. a heather village or forest village. Almost nothing is left of the forest that existed back then . Only a larger piece of forest at Kohlhöhe west of the village is in the vicinity of Lüssen.
In 1335 the Catholic Church in Lüssen was first mentioned as the "daughter church of St. Mariae"; at that time it was subject to the parish office in Schweidnitz and was one of the oldest churches in the area. During the Reformation the church passed into Protestant ownership, but this was reversed on January 9, 1654. From then on, the Protestant population had to go to the service in Gäbersdorf . During the Thirty Years' War , around 1622, almost the entire village was cremated by Swedish troops. The church was completely destroyed. In 1666 it was renovated for the first time and in 1731 Ignaz Krätzig completely rebuilt it to its present state at his own expense. During this renovation, at the request of "Mr. Praetorius Freiherr von Richthofen auf Barzdorf", an underground crypt was created under the church. From then on, all the burials of the noble von Richthofen family took place there. Around 100 coffins are said to be stored there today. The cemetery of the Catholic Church was used for funerals of both denominations.
It is reported from the year 1736 that a servant boy was burned at the stake on September 8th during an " embarrassing neck judgment " .
In 1737 and 1746 there were two fires in Lüssen, in which an estate and the Catholic school house burned down. In a village report from 1785, two schools are mentioned: On the one hand there was the Catholic school, which was rebuilt in 1747, and on the other hand the Protestant school, which had existed since 1763 or 1764. The Protestant school building was converted into a new brick building in 1822.
In the mentioned village report from 1785, the apparently inferior field is also dealt with:
"... the field around here is wet, loamy and cold ..."
In 1829 the soil is described as follows:
"The soil type is mediocre, partly loamy and sandy, mostly grain soil ..."
In October 1809 rinderpest was rampant in Lüssen, where around 170 cattle died.
The registry office for Lüssen from 1874 was in Barzdorf, later in Kuhnern. The nearest train station was in Järischau, four kilometers away.
The district constitution of 1741 enforced by Friedrich II , which assigned Lüssen to the Striegau district, was repealed on October 1, 1932, so that Lüssen was now in the Neumarkt district.
When the air ammunition facility 3 / VIII Striegau near Kohlhöhe was built in the mid-1930s, the sand that was removed resulted in a pit about 500 m north of Lüssen before entering the town. This pit, known by the population as a "gravel pit" or "sand pit", was filled with water and was primarily used by the village youth for swimming and rowing boats. Furthermore, a person is said to have drowned in the pit, which was easily underestimated. Today the pit is almost completely dried up except for a few water points and overgrown with plants.
The former Protestant school was converted into a kindergarten in 1936.
Shortly before the beginning of the Second World War , in addition to the facilities mentioned above, there was a brewery, a distillery, a mill with a bakery, a carpentry shop, a bakery, a department store, a cartwright, a grocery store, a tailor's shop, a butcher's shop in the 830 hectare Lüssen. a hairdresser, a basket maker, a shoemaker, a brush maker, a cooper and a syringe shop.
In January 1945 the first refugee treks passed through Lüssen. Soon afterwards, in February, during the very cold weather, most of the Lüssen families fled westward into what is now Germany and the Czech Republic . In mid-February the Soviet army occupied the village, which remained a frontline area until the end of the war. At the beginning of June 1945 the first families who had fled came back to Lüssen, but the Polish settlement of the village began in late summer. In June 1946 the German population was finally expelled . In addition, the village "Lüssen" was renamed "Lusina" after the end of the Second World War.
From 1975 to 1998 the village was administratively part of the Legnica Voivodeship .
Population development
The ratio of the Protestant to the Catholic population was relatively constant over the years up to 1945 at 3: 2.
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1785 | 428 |
| 1828 | 525 |
| 1830 | 496 |
| 1845 | 615 |
| 1893 | 654 |
| 1900 | 594 |
| 1910 | 672 |
| 1933 | 645 |
| 1939 | 665 |
| Early 1945 | 699 |
| 2013 | 406 |
literature
Book: "Schlesische Heimat: Stadt und Kreis Neumarkt" published by the "Neumarkter Verein", Hameln 2001.
Individual evidence
- ^ Martin Treblin, representations and sources on Silesian history. Sixth volume: Articles on settlement studies in the former principality of Schweidnitz , Breslau 1908, p. 75
- ^ Wilhelm Seifert, The Striegau district. A contribution to local studies for school and home; Revised by Max Bleicher , Striegau 1905, p. 30