Mosquito grove
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Mosquito grove
Horka municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 50 ″ N , 14 ° 54 ′ 0 ″ E
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| Height : | 175 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 4.88 km² |
| Residents : | 233 (May 9, 2011) |
| Population density : | 48 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1994 |
| Postal code : | 02923 |
| Area code : | 035825 |
Mückenhain is a district of the East Saxon municipality of Horka with around 250 inhabitants.
geography
Mückenhain is located around four kilometers south of Horka in the river area of the White Schöps . The Berlin – Görlitz railway line runs east of the town with stations in Horka and Kodersdorf . To the west of Mückenhain is Särichen on the federal highway 115 , to the east, behind a forest area, are Biehain , Kaltwasser , Klein Krauscha and Emmerichswalde .
history
Local history
Mückenhain was first mentioned in a document in the first half of the 14th century. Mückenhain has been a parish in Horka since the Reformation at the latest. There the children received school instruction from the pastor until a school was built in 1878.
The lords of Gersdorff on Horka had ruled Mückenhain since the end of the 15th century . Due to negligence, the estate and five neighboring farms burned down in 1585. The reconstruction took place under Abraham von Gersdorff .
Mückenhain had important clay deposits in which clay was already being mined around 1600. It was further processed in the manor's brickworks.
With the Peace of Prague of 1635 , the two Lusatian margravates came to Electoral Saxony . As a result, Lusatia was increasingly a theater of war in the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). In 1647 a small fron fortress of the Mückenhain manor with four prison cells is said to have been built. Three Schöppen books show that the village had its own court and three lay judges.
In 1710 the rule of the Lords von Gersdorff in Mückenhain ended. Abraham von Reibold had a new manor house built on the manor in 1731, including a distillery and a brewery. Later a mill was added on the Weißen Schöps.
After the Kingdom of Saxony fought on the Napoleonic side in the Wars of Liberation , after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 it had to cede large parts of the country, including the entire Lower Lusatia and the north-eastern part of Upper Lusatia, to Prussia. As a result of the subsequent administrative reform, Mückenhain was assigned to the newly formed district of Rothenburg in 1815. Friedrich Rudolph Lucke took over the manor in 1840. His descendant Hans von Lucke, who was ennobled in 1888, was district administrator of the Rothenburg district from 1885 to 1907. He was followed by Philipp von Lucke , born in Mückenhain , who worked as a district administrator until 1919.
In the First World War , 14 soldiers from Mückenhain fell, to whom a two-meter-high monument made of Silesian granite in the center of the village was dedicated in 1922. Towards the end of the Second World War , Mückenhain became a theater of war. After the Soviet Army crossed the Lusatian Neisse on April 16, 1945 , Mückenhain was fought over on April 18 and 19. Many buildings were destroyed and many dead were mourned who were buried in two military cemeteries.
After the end of the war, the estates were expropriated and distributed to smallholders and refugees and displaced persons from the formerly German eastern regions as part of the land reform. The mansion, built in 1731, was demolished after 1950 on an order from SMAD . An agricultural production cooperative (LPG) was formed as early as 1953, but it was not until the “socialist spring” in 1960 that Mückenhain was farmed as a fully cooperative.
After the German reunification , a new residential area was built and the road, telecommunications and electricity networks were renewed.
In the course of the Saxon municipal area reform, the municipalities of Biehain and Mückenhain were incorporated into Horka on March 1, 1994 .
Mückenhain also has a lively village association (Dorfverein Mückenhain eV), which aims to enrich the cultural coexistence of the local residents through various events and joint excursions.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1825 | 202 |
| 1863 | 280 |
| 1871 | 260 |
| 1885 | 293 |
| 1905 | 494 |
| 1925 | 293 |
| 1939 | 339 |
| 1946 | 355 |
| 1950 | 274 |
| 1964 | 341 |
| 1971 | 321 |
| 1988 | 266 |
| 1990 | 255 |
| 1992 | 245 |
| 1999 | 265 |
| 2002 | 243 |
| 2008 | 239 |
| 2011 | 233 |
In 1777 there were 11 gardeners and 17 cottagers in Mückenhain .
In a long-term comparison of the population of Mückenhain, which are mostly between 240 and 300, there are only small changes, although strong fluctuations are recorded for short periods. For example, in the middle of the 40-year period from 1885 to 1925, there was an increase of 200 inhabitants and between 1946 and 1950 a decrease in population of 80 was recorded, which was followed by an almost equal increase in population in the following years. Only from the 1970s onwards has a significant population decline been recorded.
Place name
The place name has changed little since it was first mentioned, mainly the vowels and umlauts were affected. From Mückinhain (1327) via Mekinhain, Mekkinhayn (1374/82) and Mockinhayn (1403) the spelling of Mükenhain was known as early as 1414. Later variants included mosquito, mosquito and mosquito in the root word, as well as -han and -hayn in the ending.
The name is usually interpreted as a (clearing) settlement in a mosquito-rich forest or grove.
Personalities
- Abraham Wolfgang von Gersdorff (1649–1710), governor
- Claus von Lucke (1916–2006), officer, landlord and owner of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
- Hans von Lucke (1842–1911), administrative officer, manor owner and member of parliament, district administrator of the Rothenburg district
- Philipp von Lucke (1872–1931), administrative officer and manor owner, district administrator of the Rothenburg district
Sources and further reading
literature
- From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, p. 327 .
- Robert Pohl: Heimatbuch des Kreis Rothenburg O.-L. for school and home . 1st edition. Buchdruckerei Emil Hampel, Weißwasser O.-L. 1924, p. 288 f .
Footnotes
- ↑ Register portal . In: www.handelsregister.de. Retrieved January 4, 2017 .
- ^ Mückenhain in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Von der Muskauer Heide zum Rotstein , p. 327
- ↑ Saxony regional register. Retrieved August 12, 2008 .
- ^ Information from the registration office of the administrative association Weißer Schöps / Neisse; As of December 31, 2008
- ↑ Small-scale municipality sheet - Population, households, families and their housing situation on May 9th, 2011 - Basic data and indicators - Horka - page 5. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, September 2014, accessed on January 4, 2017 .
Web links
- Mückenhain in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony